Anticalcifying effect of Daucus carota in experimental urolithiasis in Wistar rats

Abstract

Background Urolithiasis is a burgeoning disease that results from pathological biomineralization. Daucus carota L. is a widely consumed food crop with reported nephroprotective and diuretic activity. Its potential for Ashmari bhedan (destruction of stone/calculi) or treatment of urinary calculi has been explored traditionally. However, no scientific evidence is available to prove its antiurolithiatic efficacy. Moreover, establishing the antiurolithiatic effects of D . carota , an extensively consumed commodity with numerous health benefits, would provide a beneficial dietary measure for the prevention and cure of urolithiasis. Objective The study aimed at investigating in vivo antiurolithiatic potential of hydroethanolic extract of D . carota roots against calcium oxalate urolithiasis. Materials and methods Ethylene glycol and ammonium chloride induced hyperoxaluria model of urolithiasis in male Wistar rats was used for the study. Urine and serum parameters and, kidney histopathology was used to determine the antilithic efficacy of D . carota root extract. Results D . carota extract significantly ameliorated abnormal urinary levels of calcium, oxalate, phosphate, magnesium, citrate, protein and uric acid in lithogenic rats. Serum BUN, creatinine and uric acid levels; and calcium, phosphate and oxalate deposition in kidney tissue were also rendered normal following D . carota treatment. D . carota extract also prevented oxidative stress mediated renal tissue degeneration both prophylactically and curatively. Conclusion This study suggests antiurolithiatic effect of D . carota roots, which can be attributed to its anticrystallization property, ability to ameliorate urine and serum biochemistry and renal cellularity.

Ameliorative effect of Aerva lanata against nephrolithiasis following chronic administration of Ethylene glycol in male wistar Albino rats

“…Body weight of induced group was found to be decreased progressive when compared to other groups indicating induction of disease and change in urine parameters. Changes in behavioural pattern was also observed in induced group where it was less active and drank more water in order to improve its excretion rate which was observed as protective mechanism [34]. Urine Volumes from the initial day till treatment day were measured and found to be higher in treatment groups when compared to lithiasis treated groups and indicates that high urine output dilutes the urine concentration and also shows diuresis activity of plant extract, thereby reduces the acidic nature of urine by enhancing the concentration of inhibitors and thus reducing the chances of stone formation.…”

“…Urine pH plays a signi cant role in the Kidney stone formation. Acidic urine favours retention of crystals by adhesion and resulting in formation of stone in distal part of kidney [34]. The urine pH of Ethylene glycol induced group was found to be in the range of 4 to 6 indicating the chances of kidney stone formation due to the acidic nature of urine and Treatment groups had pH in range of 6 and above, which proposes that treatment by extract was found to be e cient in treating kidney stone.…”

Toxicity (acute and subacute) assessment and in-vivo antiurolithiatic activity of ethanolic extract of Caesalpinia bonducella seed in albino Wistar rat

“…The antiurolithiasis activity of ECB was evaluated by EG induced urolithiasis model (Bawari et al, 2020;Lonkala, 2020;Moriyama et al, 2009;Patel and Acharya, 2020;Tzou et al, 2016) with slight modification. Animals were divided into five groups (n = 5).…”

“…After treatment with the 200 mg/kg of C. bonducella, slight body weight gain was observed; and treatment with 400 mg/kg of C. bonducella, maximum body weight gain was observed which was similar to cystone-treated group. Ahmed et al (2013); Bawari et al (2020); Bayir et al (2011), Shehzad et al (2021; Kaushik et al, (2019) reported that lithogenic treatment causes a decrease in body weight.…”

“…Caesalpinia bonducella Roxb. (Caesalpiniaceae) is extensively used in the traditional medicine (Bawari et al, 2020;Bashir and Gilani, 2009;Datte et al, 1998;Iheagwam et al, 2019;Liu et al, 2020). The various parts of C. bonducella have been reported for anti-cancer and cytotoxic activities (Iheagwam et al, 2019); contractile activity of uterine smooth muscle (Datte et al, 1998); inhibit nuclear factor-kappa B and type-4 phosphodiesterase (Liu et al, 2020); antimicrobial activities (Arif et al, 2009).…”