Anticancer Effect of Kalpaamruthaa on Mammary Carcinoma in Rats with Reference to Glycoprotein Components, Lysosomal and Marker Enzymes

Abstract

Cancer accounts for high morbidity and high mortality rate throughout the world. Cancer of breast is common in women in developed countries and more than 40% of all breast cancer cases are found in developing countries.1) Cancer is based on genetic and epigenetic alterations that affect the regulation and function of genes. These pathologic changes are selected during progression to yield cells that multiply aggressively beyond the limits normally set by their intrinsic proliferative capacity, neighboring cells, limited mitogens, and blood supply. It is expected that the cataloging of specific changes in gene expression will provide diagnostic markers for any given type. Furthermore, proteins encoded by specific genes could potentially serve as targets for therapeutic intervention. 2)In addition to the therapeutic strategies already known, some recent reports indicate new areas for the development of target selective drugs for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer.3) The earliest adjuvant chemotherapy, with singleagent alkylating and anti-metabolic drugs, was soon replaced by combination therapy, as it was demonstrated that simultaneous combination of two or more agents provided better results. 4,5) Kalpaamruthaa is a Siddha formulation, which has been formulated in our laboratory. They contain Semecarpus anacardium LINN. (SA), Emblica officinalis and honey with different ratio. Kalpaamruthaa (KA) is a Siddha preparation which has been formulated in our laboratory, the components studies of this drug reveals the presence of flavonoids, ascorbic acid, polyphenols, tannins, sugars and sterols. Flavonoids are seemingly more widely dispersed in the food supply and are of more varied composition than are isoflavones. For these reason, their absorption and metabolism have been less completely characterized. Cameron and Pauling 6) believed that ascorbic acid combats cancer by promoting collagen synthesis and thus prevents tumors from invading other tissues. Flavonoids are polyphenols widely distributed and known to possess biological and pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory action against free radicals. 7)Isoflavonoids are members of the broad class of plant polyphenols that have been shown in vivo to have benefit in the treatment of a wide variety of chronic diseases, including cancer. Another important consideration in vivo is the localized metabolism of isoflavones that may occur in the vicinity of tumor cells. Many experiments to verify the association between isoflavone intake and disease prevention have been reported. 8)The biochemical evaluation of glycoprotein components, marker enzymes and lysosomal enzymes of liver, kidney and blood of control and experimental rats was carried out to study the therapeutic efficacy of KA on 7,12-dimethylbenz-(a)anthracene (DMBA) induced mammary carcinoma bearing rats (Sprague-Dawley strain). This study was undertaken to arrive at the effective dose of KA in mammary carcinoma condition in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS MaterialsMammary carcinoma was induced ...

Evaluation of the role of oxidative stress in chemopreventive action of fish oil and celecoxib in the initiation phase of 7,12-dimethyl benz(α)anthracene-induced mammary carcinogenesis

“…This observation is in concordance with the fact that, during cancer progression, there is a decrease in body weight due to cancer cachexia [33]. An increase in body weight of the animals pretreated with the combination doses also suggests its beneficial effect in carcinogenesis.…”

Biochemical Evaluation of Glycoprotein Components, Lysosomal Enzymes and Marker Enzymes upon Kalpaamruthaa Administration in Experimental Mammary Carcinoma Rats

“…This could be due to the cytostabilizing property of KA as it contains SA and EO as its principle components. 11,18) EO; previously proven to combat cytotoxicity, 19) has also been shown to confer protective effect upon chemical carcinogenesis, and has been used in the treatment of cancer.…”

Therapeutic effect of Kalpaamruthaa, a herbal preparation on adjuvant induced arthritis in wistar rats

“…KA was found to be nontoxic upto the dose level of 2,000 mg/kg (Mythilypriya et al, 2007a). Further, KA has been reported for its potent antioxidant (Mythilypriya et al, 2007b;Arulkumaran et al, 2006), analgesic, antipyretic and non-ulcerogenic properties (Mythilypriya et al, 2007c) than sole SA treatment and anticancer activity of KA against DMBA induced mammary carcinoma in rats (Veena et al, 2006) have also been documented.…”