Therapeutic effect of Kalpaamruthaa, a herbal preparation on adjuvant induced arthritis in wistar rats

Abstract

The present study was performed in order to establish the efficacy of Kalpaamruthaa (KA), a modified indigenous Siddha preparation in adjuvant induced arthritic rat (AIA) model with reference to mediators of inflammation (lysosomal enzymes) and its effect on proteoglycans. Albino rats of Wistar strain were divided into seven Groups of six animals each. Arthritis was induced to rats by subcutaneous injection of 0.1 ml of Complete Freund's Adjuvant into the plantar surface of the left hind paw. Group I served as normal control rats receiving 0.5 ml of olive oil as vehicle, Group II arthritic rats served as induced-untreated and Group III (50 mg/kg), Group IV (100 mg/kg), Group V (150 mg/kg), Group VI (200 mg/kg) and Group VII (250 mg/kg) were KA treated rats at different dose levels orally in 0.5 ml of olive oil from 14(th) day of adjuvant injection and was terminated on day 28. Animals were then sacrificed on the day 29, blood was collected, liver and kidney were dissected out, washed and 10% homogenates were prepared. The activities of lysosomal enzymes (beta-glucuronidase, beta-galactosidase, acid phosphatase, beta-N-acetyl glucosaminidase and cathepsin-D), aminotransferases (alkaline phosphatase, aspartate and aminotransferases) and levels of plasma protein bound carbohydrate components of glycoproteins were determined and were found to be elevated in arthritic rats when compared to control animals. After administration of KA, the activities of lysosomal enzymes, aminotransferases and protein-bound carbohydrate component levels were significantly normalized. The data obtained evidently indicate that Kalpaamruthaa is effective at the dose of 150 mg/kg b.wt. in AIA and plays an important role in lysosomal membrane stabilization. This was further confirmed by radiological, histological and electron microscopic studies.

Preventive and curative effect of the methanolic extract of Ajuga iva on collagen induced arthritis in rats

“…We have observed an increase in the rate of this protein in the positive control group. Similar results were obtained by Mythilypriya et al [31] and Abdin et al [32] Also, Moncada et al, [33] Milovanovic et al [34] and Klimiuk et al [35] have observed high values of CRP indicative of active inflammation in the sera of patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. In the preventive group we did not observe any change in the rate of the serum CRP indicating that the methanolic extract of Ajuga iva decrease its level.…”

“…[31] In the present study we found that the methanolic extract of Ajuga iva has an anti-inflammatory effect by the reduction in volume of edema of the legs and the markers inflammatory like CRP, it removed the overproduction of the protein C, the severity of the signs of arthritis (arthritic score), to decrease the number of the leucocytes, the levels of (ESR) were close to that of the negative reference group. However, other studies are necessary to check the effect of the extract of Ajuga iva on the other serologic parameters and to assess the possible mode of action of these extracts.…”

“…In the preventive group we did not observe any change in the rate of the serum CRP indicating that the methanolic extract of Ajuga iva decrease its level. Mythilypriya et al [31] and Bharadwaj et al [36] proposed that CRP can also contribute directly in the pro-inflammatory state, where it stimulates the …”

Lysosomal membrane stabilization and anti-inflammatory activity of Clerodendrum phlomidis L.f., a traditional medicinal plant

“…The administration of Clerodendrum phlomidis ethanol extract significantly decreased the plasma acid hydrolases in a dose dependent manner. Clerodendrum phlomidis may act by modulating the lysosomal membrane in such a way that it is capable of fusing with the plasma membrane and thereby preventing the discharge of acid hydrolases or by inhibiting the release of lysosomal enzymes (Carevic and Djokic, 1988;Mythilypriya et al, 2008).…”

Therapeutic effect of Saraca asoca (Roxb.) Wilde on lysosomal enzymes and collagen metabolism in adjuvant induced arthritis

“…The basic understanding of joint disease and development of effective anti-arthritic agents are studied using the experimental arthritic models (Mythilypriya et al 2008). Adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats, characterized by infiltration of synovial membrane and associated with destruction of joints, has been very widely adapted model in pharmaceutical screening which shares a number of clinical and immunological features with human arthritis (Newbould 1963).…”