Anticancer Potential of Michelia champaca Linn. Bark Against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma (EAC) Cells in Swiss Albino Mice

Abstract

Background: Adverse side effects of currently available therapies against cancer, leads scientists to find effective compounds from natural sources. Objective: In the present study, stem-bark of Mycelia champaca is subjected to evaluate its anti-proliferative effect against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells. To date, anti-proliferative effects of M. champaca bark extract against EAC cell line has not been reported elsewhere. Therefore, we intended to investigate the anti-proliferative potential of M. champaca bark extract against EAC cells in vivo. Methods: In vivo anticancer activity was evaluated against EAC cells bearing Swiss albino mice by monitoring parameters such as tumor cell proliferation, tumor weight measurement, and survival time etc. The mechanism of EAC killing was examined by observation of cell morphology and analysis the expression of certain cancer related genes. In vitro antioxidant potentiality was determined in terms of several common antioxidant assays. In addition, total phenolic and flavonoids contents were measured to insure the presence of phytochemicals. Results: M. champaca bark extract showed strong antioxidant activities which were found to be strongly correlated (P< 0.001) with phenolics and flavonoids contents. Furthermore, it was found that bark extract decreased tumor cell proliferation (77.46%; P< 0.01), tumor weight (42.13%; P< 0.001) and increased life span of tumor bearing mice (71.97%; P< 0.01) at the dose of 250mg/kg (intraperitoneal; i.p.). M. champaca bark also altered the depleted hematological parameters such as red blood cell, white blood cell, hemoglobin (Hb%) towards normal in tumor bearing mice. In addition, upregulation ofp53, Bax and downregulation Bcl-2 followed by treatmentindicated M. champacabark could induce apoptosis of EAC cells. Conclusion: These results indicated that MEMCB possesses significant cytotoxic activities against EAC cells and has a strong in vitro antioxidant capacity. Therefore, bark of M. champaca could be considered as a potential resource of anti-cancer agents, which might be used to formulate effective anticancer drugs.

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“…200 g of root powder in 1200 ml of water was boiled and reduced to 1/3 volume, and the same was evaporated to dryness. The paste form of the extract obtained was stored in an airtight container at 4 ºC 20 . The study was conducted over a period of 180 days by grouping the Albino rats into four with; 36 rats in each group.…”

Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis of methanolic extract of Magnolia champaca leaves

“…Traditionally the plant parts were used for their beneficial activity against nausea, haemolysis, leprosy, ulcers, gout, cough, bronchitis, malaria and dysmenorrhea (Sinha and Varma, 2017).The plant possessed diverse pharmacological activities like antioxidant (Hasan et al, 2020), antimicrobial (Daphedar et al, 2020), schizonticidal (Mehrotra et al, 2017), spasmolytic, air-way relaxing and vasodilating potential (Saqib et al, 2018). Yesmin et al (2021) established the antineoplastic potential of M. champaca bark methanolic extract against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) in Swiss albino mice. All these pharmacological activities are due to the diverse phytochemical constituents contained in them.…”

Antiproliferative Activity and Apoptotic Efficiency of Syzygium cumini Bark Methanolic Extract against EAC Cells In Vivo

“…Hematological parameters (Hemoglobin, RBC and WBC) were measured as described by Ruksana et al, 2019 with slight modification [23]. A comparison was made among six groups (n=6) of mice on the 11 th day after inoculation.…”