Anticandidal Potential of Endophytic Bacteria Isolated from Dryopteris Uniformis (Makino)

Abstract

Background: Candida infection currently presents a major problem. The natural products from endophytic bacteria are thought to have a strong potential for treatment. Objectives: The present study aimed to isolate endophytic bacteria from Dryopteris uniformis, its identification, and investigation of their anticandidal activity and confirm it. Methods: The isolated endophytic bacteria from D. uniformis were identified by using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The anticandidal assay of endophytic bacteria was performed by using the patch method. Endophytic bacteria were successively fractionated by using different polarity solvents. The anticandidal activity of each solvent fraction was evaluated by using the disc diffusion method and was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. Results: Fifty-one endophytic bacteria were isolated from the lead and stem/root of D. uniformis and screened for anticandidal activity against five Candida species, Candida saitoana (KACC 41238), C. albicans (KACC 30062), C. albicans (KACC 30003), C. glabrata (KBNO6P00368) and C. glochares (KACC 30061). Among these, six endophytic bacteria exhibited strong anticandidal activity with an inhibition zone diameter between 9.29 and 47.67 mm against four Candida species; these bacteria were identified as Burkholderia sp. UR 1-07 (DUS14), Staphylococcus sp. WW60 (DUS56), Bacillus sp. cryopeg (DUS59), Paenibacillus sp. rif200865 (DUL128), Staphylococcus warneri (DUS130), and Bacillus psychrodurans (DUS131) using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the butanol fraction of the selected endophytic bacteria, Burkholderia sp., was 250 µg/mL and the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) was 500 µg/mL. Scanning electron microscopy result indicated that, MIC of promising endophytic bacteria Burkholderia sp. destroyed the target Candida cells. Conclusions: This study demonstrated anticandidal potential of endophytic bacteria derived from D. uniformis.

Anti-candida activities of four bacterial endophytic extracts isolated from Urena lobata.

“…Regarding the posttreatment Candida albicans cell behavior, we did not find authors who present the effect of the endophyte from Urena lobata on the yeast cells. However, this work is in line with that from Das et al, [38] showing that endophytic bacteria produce extracts with destructive effects on candida albicans cells, as revealed by electron microscopy.…”

“…However, these results are in line with those reported in the literature. Bacterial endophytic extracts from Panax ginseng [10,[35][36][37][38] and organic volatile compounds from bacterial endophytes [21] have been reported to have antifungal effects. In addition, several reviews have stated the potential of endophytes for their antifungal effects on phytopathogen mould.…”

Bacterial Microbiome in the Phyllo-Endosphere of Highly Specialized Rock Spleenwort

“…None of the previous studies explicitly targeted the documentation of the bacteria communities colonizing the leaf endosphere using a high throughput sequencing approach. Instead, several studies employed the more traditional approach to cultivate bacteria to discover strains with antimicrobial activities ( Das et al, 2017a , b , c , 2018 ), or to document the variation used by growth regimes ( de Araújo-Barros et al, 2010 ). 16S rRNA sequences were utilized in several studies, but these studies were designed to address particular research foci such as the discovery of chloromethane degraders ( Jaeger et al, 2018 ; Kroeber et al, 2021 ) or heavy-metal resistant strains ( Zhu et al, 2014 ; Xu et al, 2016 ; Gu et al, 2018 ; Antenozio et al, 2021 ).…”

“…Arguably, the best-studied microbiomes of ferns are associated with the water fern Azolla filiculloides ( Dijkhuzien et al, 2017 ; Banach et al, 2020 ), the arsenic hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata ( Zhu et al, 2014 ; Xu et al, 2016 ; Gu et al, 2018 ; Yang et al, 2020 ; Antenozio et al, 2021 ), and the xeric fern Pellaea calomelanos ( Mahlangu and Serepa-Dlamini, 2018a , b ; Tshishonga and Serepa-Dlamini, 2019 , 2020 ; Diale et al, 2021 ). The later studies explicitly focused on the genomes of cultivated endophytic bacteria, whereas other studies explored specifically antibacterial properties ( Das et al, 2017a , b , c , 2018 ), growth-promoting abilities ( Mukherjee et al, 2017 ; Rakshit and Sukul, 2021a , b ), and ecological aspects in general ( Jackson et al, 2006 ; de Araújo-Barros et al, 2010 ; Li F. et al, 2019 ). Enhancing our understanding of the endophytic bacterial communities are expected to specify the evolutionary history of the origin of the bacterial proteins such as Tma12 recovered in some fern genomes ferns arguably as a consequence of horizontal gene transfer ( Li F. W. et al, 2019 ; Yadav et al, 2019 ).…”

ENDOPHYTIC BACTERIA DIVERSITY FROM ZINGIBERACEAE AND ANTICANDIDAL CHARACTERIZATION PRODUCED BY Pseudomonas helmanticensis

“…Endophytic bacteria refers to the bacteria residing inter-or intracellularly in healthy plants or come out from the part of the plant, without causing any symptom or negative effect on the host plant [2,3]. Even though only a few of the plant species have been studied, almost all plant species are believed to have an association with at least one type of endophytic microbe [2,4,5].…”