Anticipated and Experienced Stigma After Testing Positive for SARS-CoV-2: A Qualitative Study

Facente, Shelley N.; Zuzuarregui, Mariah De; Frank, Darren; Gomez-Aladino, Sarah; Muñoz, Ariel; Williamson, Sabrina; Wang, Emily; Hunter, Lauren A.; Packel, Laura; Reingold, Arthur

doi:10.1177/15248399221115063

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The most common was social isolation. 16,17,19–21,33–35,37,39,41,42,44,47,48,53,56,57,60,73,76,88 In 16 studies blaming from others was the second most common social stigma reported due to being infected with COVID-19. 22,23,39,40,46,48,51–55,60,62,72,83,89 In 13 studies, participants experienced rejection from the social environment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16,17,19–21,33–35,37,39,41,42,44,47,48,53,56,57,60,73,76,88 In 16 studies blaming from others was the second most common social stigma reported due to being infected with COVID-19. 22,23,39,40,46,48,51–55,60,62,72,83,89 In 13 studies, participants experienced rejection from the social environment. 29,33,37,44,46,47,50,56,60,73,76,80,83 Other stigmas experienced by COVID-19 patients included psychological pressure, 62,66–72,75,79,81 verbal violence, 20,…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Negative consequences were reportedly experienced by COVID-19 patients with anxiety being the most common, 18,19,23,27,40,43,49,53,58,62,69,86,91 followed by depression, 18,23,32,43,49,53,58,62,69,91 reduction of socialization, 22,37,39,45–47,66,80 fear, 31,45,58,66,76,87,89 distress, 19,52,63,75 anger, 40,50,58,76 mental health disorders, 19,47,58,90 secondary traumatic stress, 30,49 non-disclosure of COVID-19, 35,56 reluctance to test/seek care, 38,47 loss of financial support, 36 loss of accommodation, 46 helplessness, 40 loneliness, 40 burnout, 30 l...…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…19,24 In another study conducted in India with 91 participants, 98% of participants reported experiencing self-stigma, rejection, and social isolation. 37 The remaining 17 studies reported a prevalence ranging from 3.1% to 44.56 %, 33,36,39,43,47,48,57,63,67,68,72,74,76,77,79,84,89 the lowest prevalence of 3.1% was associated with social isolation and structural stigma and was found in a study conducted in the USA with 1366 participants.…”

Section: Prevalencementioning

confidence: 98%

“…26,83,84 In eight studies selfstigma due to being infected by SARS-CoV-2 was reportedly experienced by participants. 29,37,42,44,46,53,54,57 Negative consequences were reportedly experienced by COVID-19 patients with anxiety being the most common, 18,19,23,27,40,43,49,53,58,62,69,86,91 followed by depression, 18,23,32,43,49,53,58,62,69,91 reduction of socialization, 22,37,39,[45][46][47]66,80 fear, 31,45,58,66,76,87,89 distress, 19,…”

Section: Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Social stigma during COVID-19: A systematic review

SeyedAlinaghi,

Afsahi,

Shahidi

et al. 2023

SAGE Open Medicine

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Objectives: Stigmatization was reported throughout the COVID pandemic for COVID-19 patients and close contacts. The aim of this systematic review was to comprehensively examine the prevalence and impact of stigmatization during COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: English articles were searched using online databases that included PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science up to 24 August 2022. A two-step screening and selection process was followed utilizing an inclusion and exclusion criteria and then data was extracted from eligible articles. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist was followed, and the risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results: Seventy-six studies were eligible for inclusion. Twenty-two studies reported the prevalence of social stigma due to COVID-19 infection with social isolation being the most commonly reported stigma. There were 20 studies that reported the majority of participants experienced stigma due to COVID-19 infection, which was as high as 100% of participants in two studies. Participants in 16 studies reported blaming from others as the second most common type of stigma, with various other types reported such as psychological pressure, verbal violence, avoidance, and labeling. The most common effect of the stigma was anxiety followed by depression, and then reduction of socialization. Conclusion: Findings from the present review have identified that COVID-19-related stigma studies have generally focused on its prevalence, type, and outcome. Greater awareness of this topic may assist with improving public education during pandemics such as COVID-19 as well as access to support services for individuals impacted by stigmatization.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Prevalencementioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Social stigma during COVID-19: A systematic review

SeyedAlinaghi,

Afsahi,

Shahidi

et al. 2023

SAGE Open Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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COVID-19 stigma and depression across race, ethnicity and residence

Rahman

Azhar

Wernick

et al. 2023

Social Work in Health Care

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Mandating COVID-19 Vaccination on Campus: A Qualitative Analysis of a Cross-Sectional Study of California College Students

Buckner-Capone,

Dougan

2023

Health Promotion Practice

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The purpose of this study was to examine college student perceptions related to institutional vaccine mandates. We utilized qualitative data (n = 2,212) from five open-ended questions in a cross-sectional study of students enrolled or intending to enroll in an institute of higher education in California in fall 2021. Data were collected between June and August 2021. Thematic analysis was employed to analyze student beliefs, and four themes were developed from the data: (1) Polarizing views and language; (2) deciding who to trust; (3) conveying rights and risk; and (4) staying focused on education. The themes represented vaccinated and nonvaccinated student perspectives, capturing views about trust, rights, and risk. Many responses were polarizing and included language that was emotional and political. Despite the range of responses, most students expressed appreciation and approval of the vaccination mandate on college campuses. Findings illustrate the important contributions of qualitative research and suggest opportunities for public health practitioners to lead and engage in critical dialogue about science and public health practices as we aim to promote public perceptions of vaccination programs and health promotion practice.

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Anticipated and Experienced Stigma After Testing Positive for SARS-CoV-2: A Qualitative Study

Cited by 4 publications

References 28 publications

Social stigma during COVID-19: A systematic review

Social stigma during COVID-19: A systematic review

COVID-19 stigma and depression across race, ethnicity and residence

Mandating COVID-19 Vaccination on Campus: A Qualitative Analysis of a Cross-Sectional Study of California College Students

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