Anticoccidial Drugs Used in the Poultry: An Overview

Kant, Vinay; Singh, Pardeep; Verma, Pawan Kumar; Bais, Isha; Parmar, Mehtab S.; Gopal, Anu; Gupta, Vijayta

doi:10.17311/sciintl.2013.261.265

Cited by 40 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In non-medicated feeds, the situation is more worrisome, since concentrations have been found that exceed the recommended values, including phases of production in which its use is prohibited, as in the case of feed for laying hens with 191.69 mg kg − 1 of monensin or dairy cattle with 3258.86 mg kg − 1 ( Table 7, FDA, 2011). Monensin and narasin presence can be explained as, widespread since ionophore-based growth promotion is still allowed (Granados-Chinchilla and Rodríguez 2017) and they are commonly used to fight causative agents of coccidiosis in aviculture (specifically for broilers, and laying hens before starting the production period) in concentrations of 90-110 and 54-72 mg kg − 1 respectively ( Table 7, FDA 2011;Kant et al 2013). We also found tetracyclines in almost all sample types assayed (6.21 to 354.46 mg kg − 1 , Table 7) including demeclocycline and doxycycline (antibiotics reserved for specific cases in human therapy, Granados-Chinchilla and Rodríguez 2017) and 4-epioxytetracycline (which may indicate feed has reached its shelf life, Granados-Chinchilla et al 2012).…”

Section: Permitted Legal Usagementioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical assessment of mycotoxin contaminants and veterinary residues in Costa Rican animal feed

et al. 2019

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Background: When present in animal feedstuff, mycotoxins contaminants and antibiotic residues can have negative implications for animal production and Public Health, including the transmission of carcinogenic compounds and the selection of antibiotic resistant bacteria, respectively. So far there are no available methods in which both mycotoxins and antibiotic residues are analyzed using a parallel extraction approach. To address this issue, we developed a LC/MS methodology with high sensitivity (0.005 to 6.42 and 24.55 to 132.73 μg kg − 1 for mycotoxins and antimicrobials) and specificity (unique target ion mass/charge) that allows the detection of 26 mycotoxins and 23 antibiotic residues in animal feedstuff and validated it through the determination of these analytes in 294 animal feed and feed ingredient samples in the framework of a country-wide surveillance program. Two hundred and five of these samples were analyzed for mycotoxins and 89 for antibiotics. Findings: Fumonisin was the most frequently toxin found, with FB 1 and FB 2 presenting prevalences of 50 and 52% and maximum concentrations of 14,927.61 and 8646.67 μg kg − 1 , respectively. Other toxins, including diacetoxyscirpenol n = 4/101 (3.96%), fusarenon-X n = 2/101 (1.98%), citrinin n = 2 (1.98%), and patulin n = 1 (0.99%) were rarely found. Toxicologically relevant concentrations of toxin metabolites, such as HT-2 (6.38-485.49 μg kg − 1) and 3−/15acetoxydeoxynivalenol (877.89-3236.56/5.44-1685.3 μg kg − 1), were also found. Few samples exceeded threshold mycotoxin concentrations defined in current EU guidelines. Dairy cattle and swine feeds included the higher number of samples exceeding guideline values (n = 6 and n = 5, respectively). From the total of samples analysed for antibiotics, 7.7% (n = 7/89) were classified as medicated for poultry and pigs. Unexpectedly, 57% of these medicated samples contained no detectable antibiotics (n = 4/7). The remaining 43% of the samples (n = 3/7) presented inconsistencies regarding the concentration of analytes declared on the labels or the antibiotics found. Likewise 74.6% (n = 50/67) of the non-medicated feed samples analyzed had antibiotic residues. Additionally, we analyzed commercial monensin standards for purity and evaluate batch-to-batch flushing feed industry practices. Conclusions: Herein we report the results for a year-wide analysis for mycotoxins and antibiotics in feed samples. Mycotoxins, several metabolites, and the occurrence of these emerging contaminants were evaluated and antibiotic residues in non-medicated feed samples were found using a targeted MS-based LC approach. This validated multianalyte method is expected to facilitate the monitoring and surveillance of contaminants, from natural and anthropogenic origin, in animal feed.

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Section: Permitted Legal Usagementioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical assessment of mycotoxin contaminants and veterinary residues in Costa Rican animal feed

et al. 2019

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“…Lasalocid is another carboxylic ionophore with a broader ion specificity than monensin including the capacity to bind monovalent and divalent cations [5][6][7]. Produced by Streptomyces lasaliensis, it is widely used as a feed additive in cattle and poultry industries to control coccidiosis, a disease of the intestinal track caused by Eimeria protozoa [8,9]. Although lasalocid kills Gram-positive bacteria, it also affects other pathogens, and could help to fight mastitis-causing microbes belonging to Streptococcus and Staphylococcus subgroups, and Trypanosoma brucei infections [10,11].…”

Section: Of 13mentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting Old Ionophore Lasalocid as a Novel Inhibitor of Multiple Toxins

Mahtal

Cintrat

et al. 2020

Toxins

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The ionophore lasalocid is widely used as a veterinary drug against coccidiosis. We found recently that lasalocid protects cells from two unrelated bacterial toxins, the cytotoxic necrotizing factor-1 (CNF1) from Escherichia. coli and diphtheria toxin. We evaluated lasalocid’s capacity to protect cells against other toxins of medical interest comprising toxin B from Clostridium difficile, Shiga-like toxin 1 from enterohemorrhagic E. coli and exotoxin A from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We further characterized the impact of lasalocid on the endolysosomal and the retrograde pathways and organelle integrity, especially the Golgi apparatus. We found that lasalocid protects cells from all toxins tested and impairs the drop of vesicular pH along the trafficking pathways that are required for toxin sorting and translocation to the cytoplasm. Lasalocid also has an impact on the cellular distribution of GOLPH4 and GOLPH2 Golgi markers. Other intracellular trafficking compartments positive for EEA1 and Rab9A display a modified cellular pattern. In conclusion, lasalocid protects cells from multiple deadly bacterial toxins by corrupting vesicular trafficking and Golgi stack homeostasis.

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“…For the coccidiosis treatment generally coccidiostat, e.g. ionophores, amprolium, sulphonamides, ethopabate, clopidol and quinolones are applied (Kant et al, 2013). However, the regular use may cause parasite resistance, additionally medicine residue in meat also need to be in attention concerning to consumer health disorder.…”

Section: Eimeria Magna Eimeria Perforans Eimeria Media Eimeria Irrmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Efficacies of Banana Stem Extract as a Candidate of Coccidiostat Against Rabbit Eimeria Stiedaio Ocysts: an in Vitro Analysis

Indrasanti

Indradji

Hastuti

et al. 2015

anprod

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Abstract. The objective of this research was to investigate the ability of banana stem (Musa paradisiaca) to inhibit sporulation of Eimeria stiedai oocysts derived from rabbit by in vitro analysis. Analyze the active substance proximate analysis and active substances in this research were performed too. Banana stem extract were used in this experiment and sulfaquinoxalline (Coxy®) was run as a control. The Eimeria stiedai oocysts were incubated prior the presence of different concentration from banana stem extract 0%, 1%, 2%, 4%, 8% for 1, 2 and 3 days at 26°C. In addition, Factorial patterned Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five replicates was applied on the experiment. Result analysis was performed by using Analysis of Variance and following by Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) post hoc test. Here, we identified that banana stem extract contain different type of active substance such as tannin, saponin, and alkaloid. Banana stem extract significantly affected the oocysts sporulation included the amount of sporulated oocysts (P<0.01), unsporulated oocysts (P<0.01), and transformed oocysts (P<0.01). In conclusion banana stem could inhibit the development of Eimeria stiedai oocysts on in vitro experiment. HSD test showed that the optimum potential efficacy of banana stem to inhibit sporulation was at 4% and 8% concentration during three days incubation. Key words: Eimeria stiedai, rabbit coccidiosis, banana stemAbstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan batang pisang (Musa paradisiaca) untuk menghambat kemampuan sporulasi ookista Eimeria stiedai kelinci melalui analisis secara in vitro. Pada penelitian ini juga dilakukan analisis proximat dan kandungan fitokimia ekstrak batang pisang. Ekstrak batang pisang digunakan pada penelitian ini dan kontrol sulfaquinoxalline (Coxy®). Ookista Eimeria stiedai kelinci diinkubasi dengan konsentrasi yang berbeda yaitu 0%, 1%, 2%, 4%, 8% selama 1,2 dan 3 hari pada suhu 26 °C bersama ookista Eimeria stiedai selama 1,2 dan 3 hari. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial, dengan pengulangan sebanyak 5 kali. Hasil analisis ditentukan dengan analisis variansi dilanjutkan uji lanjut Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ). Ekstrak batang pisang mengandung beberapa zat aktif yaitu tanin, saponin dan alkaloid. Ekstrak batang pisang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kemampuan sporulasi ookista yang meliputi jumlah ookista bersporulasi (P<0,01), ookista yang tidak bersporulasi (P<0,01) dan ookista yang mengalami perubahan bentuk (P<0,01). Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini bahwa batang pisang mampu menghambat perkembangan koksidia Eimeria stiedai secara in vitro. Uji BNJ menunjukkan potensi efektifitas terbaik ekstrak batang pisang diperoleh secara in vitro terhadap E. stiedai pada konsentrasi 4% dan 8% dengan lama inkubasi 3 hari.

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Anticoccidial Drugs Used in the Poultry: An Overview

Cited by 40 publications

References 2 publications

Chemical assessment of mycotoxin contaminants and veterinary residues in Costa Rican animal feed

Chemical assessment of mycotoxin contaminants and veterinary residues in Costa Rican animal feed

Revisiting Old Ionophore Lasalocid as a Novel Inhibitor of Multiple Toxins

The Efficacies of Banana Stem Extract as a Candidate of Coccidiostat Against Rabbit Eimeria Stiedaio Ocysts: an in Vitro Analysis

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