The Efficacies of Banana Stem Extract as a Candidate of Coccidiostat Against Rabbit Eimeria Stiedaio Ocysts: an in Vitro Analysis

Abstract

Abstract. The objective of this research was to investigate the ability of banana stem (Musa paradisiaca) to inhibit sporulation of Eimeria stiedai oocysts derived from rabbit by in vitro analysis. Analyze the active substance proximate analysis and active substances in this research were performed too. Banana stem extract were used in this experiment and sulfaquinoxalline (Coxy®) was run as a control. The Eimeria stiedai oocysts were incubated prior the presence of different concentration from banana stem extract 0%, 1%, 2%, 4%, 8% for 1, 2 and 3 days at 26°C. In addition, Factorial patterned Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five replicates was applied on the experiment. Result analysis was performed by using Analysis of Variance and following by Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) post hoc test. Here, we identified that banana stem extract contain different type of active substance such as tannin, saponin, and alkaloid. Banana stem extract significantly affected the oocysts sporulation included the amount of sporulated oocysts (P<0.01), unsporulated oocysts (P<0.01), and transformed oocysts (P<0.01). In conclusion banana stem could inhibit the development of Eimeria stiedai oocysts on in vitro experiment. HSD test showed that the optimum potential efficacy of banana stem to inhibit sporulation was at 4% and 8% concentration during three days incubation. Key words: Eimeria stiedai, rabbit coccidiosis, banana stemAbstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan batang pisang (Musa paradisiaca) untuk menghambat kemampuan sporulasi ookista Eimeria stiedai kelinci melalui analisis secara in vitro. Pada penelitian ini juga dilakukan analisis proximat dan kandungan fitokimia ekstrak batang pisang. Ekstrak batang pisang digunakan pada penelitian ini dan kontrol sulfaquinoxalline (Coxy®). Ookista Eimeria stiedai kelinci diinkubasi dengan konsentrasi yang berbeda yaitu 0%, 1%, 2%, 4%, 8% selama 1,2 dan 3 hari pada suhu 26 °C bersama ookista Eimeria stiedai selama 1,2 dan 3 hari. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial, dengan pengulangan sebanyak 5 kali. Hasil analisis ditentukan dengan analisis variansi dilanjutkan uji lanjut Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ). Ekstrak batang pisang mengandung beberapa zat aktif yaitu tanin, saponin dan alkaloid. Ekstrak batang pisang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kemampuan sporulasi ookista yang meliputi jumlah ookista bersporulasi (P<0,01), ookista yang tidak bersporulasi (P<0,01) dan ookista yang mengalami perubahan bentuk (P<0,01). Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini bahwa batang pisang mampu menghambat perkembangan koksidia Eimeria stiedai secara in vitro. Uji BNJ menunjukkan potensi efektifitas terbaik ekstrak batang pisang diperoleh secara in vitro terhadap E. stiedai pada konsentrasi 4% dan 8% dengan lama inkubasi 3 hari.

The Administration of Garlic Extract on Eimeria stiedai Oocysts and the Hematological Profile of the Coccidia Infected Rabbits

“…The other natural plant functioning as an anticoccidiosis is banana stem. Our previous in vitro test showed that banana stem extract might decrease E. stiedai oocysts (Indrasanti et al, 2015). The existing tannin contained in garlic and banana stem, as contained in pine stem extract, might significantly decrease the oocyst sporulation ability by inhibiting the enzyme activity contributing in the sporulation process, by penetrating through the oocystic cell walls and destroying the cytoplasm (sporont) that resulted in abnormal oocysts (Molan et al, 2009;Indrasanti et al, 2015).…”

“…The extract was further evaporated in a waterbath to produce a concentrated extract. The concentrated extract was then stored at the temperature of 5°C and ready to use (Islam et al, 2008;Iqbal et al, 2013;Indrasanti et al, 2015).…”

Coccidiosis: A Parasitic Disease of Significant Importance in Rabbits

“…Adding of a mixture of garlic oil and oregano to rabbit feed can also help in disease prevention (Kowalska et al, 2012;Nosal et al, 2014). Other plant extracts such as banana stem extract could decrease the number of E. stiedae oocysts in vitro (Indrasanti et al, 2015). However, Matekaire et al (2005) stated that both banana root (Musa paradisiaca) and sulphadimidine sodium treatments caused a significant decrease in oocyst excretion in rabbits.…”