Anticoccidial Efficacy of Drinking Water Soluble Diclazuril on Experimental and Field Coccidiosis in Broiler Chickens

Abstract

Prophylactic and curative capacity of water soluble formulation of Diclazuril (Diclosol 1%) and feed additive form (Clinacox, 0.5%) were tested against Eimeria infection in broiler chickens. Such testing was performed both experimentally and in the field. Toltrazuril (Baycox, 2.5%) was used as reference control drug. Water soluble formulation of Diclazuril induced a marked inhibitory effect on the different stages of the parasite life cycle in experimentally infected treated birds especially when applied on the day when blood first appeared in the faeces [fifth day post-infection (d.p.i.)] as well as on the second day of blood dropping (6 d.p.i.). Both tested dosage levels of Diclazuril water soluble formulation in drinking water (5 and 10 ppm) showed the same effect in controlling coccidial infection and reducing the total oocyst numbers, lesion and faecal scores. Moreover, there was no significant difference in the efficacy of water soluble form of Diclazuril and the reference control drug (Toltrazuril, 25 ppm). In addition, testing the water soluble formulation (5 ppm) in naturally infected poultry farm (20,000 birds), showed the same anticoccidial effect observed when using Toltrazuril, as a treatment for coccidiosis. In conclusion, addition of Diclazuril at the dose of 5 ppm in the drinking water of naturally coccidia infected bird induced the same effect as 25 ppm of Toltrazuril as a treatment for coccidiosis in chickens.

Review of triazine antiprotozoal drugs used in veterinary medicine

“…Several triazines have been successfully used to treat Eimeria infections in avian species including toltrazuril (Alnassan et al., ), diclazuril (El‐Banna, El‐Bahy, El‐Zorba, & El‐Hady, ), clazuril (Vercruysse, ), and most recently nitromezuril (Fei et al., ). In a study evaluating diclazuril and nitromezuril in broiler chickens, nitromezuril dosed at 3 mg/kg was superior to diclazuril dosed at 1 mg/kg in clinical efficacy as measured by improved weight gain, reduced lesion scores, and an increased anticoccidial index (Fei et al., ).…”

“…Several triazines have been successfully used to treat Eimeria infections in avian species including toltrazuril (Alnassan et al, 2013), diclazuril (El-Banna, El-Bahy, El-Zorba, & El-Hady, 2005), clazuril (Vercruysse, 1990), and most recently nitromezuril (Fei et al, 2013).…”

Control strategies using diclazuril against coccidiosis in goat kids

“…The application of this anticoccidial compound in cattle likewise results in significant reduction of oocyst excretion and prevents negative effects on growth performance of calves (Daugschies et al 2007). Diclazuril has also been registered as an effective anticoccidial feed additive for broilers (Maes et al 1991;El-Banna et al 2005) and appears to be effective against coccidiosis in species apart from ruminants or poultry, such as dogs and cats (Lloyd and Smith 2001) and rabbits (Vanparijs et al 1989).…”

The efficacy of diclazuril (liquid formulation) in the prevention and control of coccidiosis in broiler chicken.

“…Effecacy of Diclazuril administration in drinking water was also proved by El-Banna et al, (2005) who investigated that diclazuril in water or feed were of similar efficacy in elimination of experimental infection with E. tenella, E. acervulina, E. necatrix, E. maxima and E. Brunetti as shown by increasing body weight gain and survival rate and reduction in faecal shedding, dropping score and lesion score. Furthermore, the results of using diclazuril (1%) water soluble solution as1ml/ 4 liter of the drinking water for 2 successive days just after appearance of blood in the dropping (5th day PI) in experimentally infected broiler chickens with mixed Eimeria species were obtained in table (2).…”

“…New formulations of water soluble diclazuril for administration in the drinking water were introduced recently in many parts of the world, and few studies were conducted to study its efficacy in the prevention and control of chicken's coccidiosis (Jiang-ZhongQi, 1999;Mukiibi-Muka et al, 2001;El-Banna et al, 2005 ;El-Dakhly et al, 2006). This investigation was designed to evaluate the efficacy of using water soluble formulation of diclazuril (1%) in the prevention and control of mixed Eimeria species infections in broiler chickens as a experimental (semifield) trial, also testing the efficacy of this medicament in the control of naturally infected broiler chickens with mixed Eimeria species as a field trial.…”