Anticoccidial Efficacy of Salinomycin (AHR-3096C) and Compatability with Roxarsone in Floor-Pen Experiments with Broilers

McDougald, L. R.; Keshavarz, K.; Rosenstein, M.

doi:10.3382/ps.0602416

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The use of fish meal in chicken feed varies according to region, availability, and market price (16a). Since MerA mercury reductase does not confer cross-resistance to other heavy metals (46), the selection pressure is probably not due to the arsenic compounds that are added to feed as coccidiostats (37). There is presumably an as yet-unidentified selection pressure that favors Tn21's widespread dissemination among poultry pathogens, since this transposon was also identified among Salmonella strains isolated from poultry (data not shown).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and Characterization of Integrons, Genetic Elements Mediating Multiple-Drug Resistance, in Avian Escherichia coli

Bass¹,

Liebert²,

Lee

et al. 1999

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

253

109

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Antibiotic resistance among avian bacterial isolates is common and is of great concern to the poultry industry. Approximately 36% (n ‫؍‬ 100) of avian, pathogenic Escherichia coli isolates obtained from diseased poultry exhibited multiple-antibiotic resistance to tetracycline, oxytetracycline, streptomycin, sulfonamides, and gentamicin. Clinical avian E. coli isolates were further screened for the presence of markers for class 1 integrons, the integron recombinase intI1 and the quaternary ammonium resistance gene qacE⌬1, in order to determine the contribution of integrons to the observed multiple-antibiotic resistance phenotypes. Sixty-three percent of the clinical isolates were positive for the class 1 integron markers intI1 and qacE⌬1. PCR analysis with the conserved class 1 integron primers yielded amplicons of approximately 1 kb from E. coli isolates positive for intI1 and qacE⌬1. These PCR amplicons contained the spectinomycin-streptomycin resistance gene aadA1. Further characterization of the identified integrons revealed that many were part of the transposon Tn21, a genetic element that encodes both antibiotic resistance and heavy-metal resistance to mercuric compounds. Fifty percent of the clinical isolates positive for the integron marker gene intI1 as well as for the qacE⌬1 and aadA1 cassettes also contained the mercury reductase gene merA. The correlation between the presence of the merA gene with that of the integrase and antibiotic resistance genes suggests that these integrons are located in Tn21. The presence of these elements among avian E. coli isolates of diverse genetic makeup as well as in Salmonella suggests the mobility of Tn21 among pathogens in humans as well as poultry.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and Characterization of Integrons, Genetic Elements Mediating Multiple-Drug Resistance, in Avian Escherichia coli

Bass¹,

Liebert²,

Lee

et al. 1999

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

253

109

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“…They were reared on wire-floors under conditions aimed at excluding extraneous infection in rooms used only for rearing chickens to 2 weeks of age. They were given a standard diet of the Department of Poultry Science (McDougald & Keshavarz, 1981) which contained no antibiotic or anticoccoidial drugs. Experiments were conducted in wire-floored battery cages previously sterilized with steam heat.…”

Section: Subjects (1) At Houghton Poultry Research Station (Hprs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies to determine the taxonomic status of Eimeria mitis, Tyzzer 1929 and E. mivati, Edgar and Seibold 1964

Shirley¹,

Jeffers²,

Long³

1983

Parasitology

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We have examined several taxonomic features of a number of strains of Eimeria from many sources world wide. The strains were isolated on the basis of their small spherical (or sub-spherical) oocysts. From a study of mean oocyst dimensions, electrophoretic variation of enzymes, ability to develop in embryonated eggs, absence of gross lesions in heavily infected chickens, and cross-immunity, all the strains were found to belong to one species. For convenience, the parasites when isolated, were referred to as strains of E. mitis/mivati-type, but after characterization they were clearly found to be E. mitis. In contrast, a laboratory strain of E. mivati supplied to one of us (M.W.S.) was found to be a mixture of E. acervulina and E. mitis. Evidence from these and other studies supports the notion that E. mivati is a nomina dubia.

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“…Salinomycin has received considerable evaluation and is an effective anticoccidial (Chappel and Babcock, 1979;Keshavarz and McDougald, 1982;McDougald et al, 1981;Migaki and Chappel, 1979;Morrison and Ferguson, 1979;Yvore et al, 1980). Salinomycin is approved by the Food and Drug Administration for use in the prevention of coccidiosis in broiler chickens (Anonymous, 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The anticoccidial effects of salinomycin and roxarsone are additive (McDougald et al, 1981), and combinations of salinomycin and roxarsone are approved for the control of field strains of Eimeria tenella that are more susceptible to roxarsone combined with salinomycin than to sanlinomycin alone (Anonymous, 1984). Therefore, studies were also conducted in which BMD was added to diets containing a combination of salinomycin and roxarsone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Response of Broiler Chickens to the Addition of Bacitracin Methylene Disalicylate to Diets Containing Salinomycin and Roxarsone

et al. 1986

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Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the response of broiler chickens to addition of bacitracin methylene disalicylate (BMD) to diets containing salinomycin. In each experiment, five tests were conducted at different locations. In Experiment 1, all diets contained 66 mg salinomycin/kg of diet for the first 42 days and either 0 or 33 mg BMD/kg of diet for the entire 49-day feeding period. In Experiment 2, all diets contained 66 mg salinomycin and 50 mg roxarsone/kg of diet for the first 42 days and either 0, 11, 33, or 55 mg BMD/kg of diet for the entire 49-day feeding period. In Experiment 1, addition of 33 mg BMD/kg of diet significantly (P less than .05) improved body weights and feed utilization. Results were similar in all five tests. In Experiment 2, addition of 11, 33, or 55 mg BMD/kg of diet significantly (P less than .05) increased body weights. In one location the addition of 55 mg BMD/kg of diet resulted in no significant difference in body weight compared with those fed the unsupplemented diet, but in all other locations the response was similar. Addition of 33 or 55 mg BMD/kg of diet resulted in improved (P less than .05) feed utilization when all tests were combined. Feed utilization was not improved in all locations by the addition of BMD.

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Anticoccidial Efficacy of Salinomycin (AHR-3096C) and Compatability with Roxarsone in Floor-Pen Experiments with Broilers

Cited by 15 publications

References 15 publications

Incidence and Characterization of Integrons, Genetic Elements Mediating Multiple-Drug Resistance, in Avian Escherichia coli

Incidence and Characterization of Integrons, Genetic Elements Mediating Multiple-Drug Resistance, in Avian Escherichia coli

Studies to determine the taxonomic status of Eimeria mitis, Tyzzer 1929 and E. mivati, Edgar and Seibold 1964

The Response of Broiler Chickens to the Addition of Bacitracin Methylene Disalicylate to Diets Containing Salinomycin and Roxarsone

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