Antidepressant and Anxiolytic Effects of the Methanol Root Extract of Capparis thonningii: Involvement of Monoaminergic, Cholinergic and GABAergic Systems

Ishola, Ismail O.; Olayemi, SO; Yemitan, Omoniyi K.; Umeh, E. A.

doi:10.1055/s-0034-1376963

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…External symptoms were estimated through hole cross checks to complete the approval of anxiousness. Some studies have found that plant extracts rich in alkaloids, glycosides, and flavonoids have sedative, anxiolytic, and antiepileptic properties that interfere with their properties at the benzodiazepine site of the GABAergic complex structure or are immediate or aberrant modulators that are responsible for increases in GABA activity in the brain that cause drowsiness and facies [ 33 , 34 ]. It seems that the phytochemicals included in the extract of Polyalthia suberosa leaves contribute to the relaxing and sleep-inducing actions on the CNS, at least to a limited degree.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnopharmacological-Based Validation of Polyalthia suberosa Leaf Extract in Neurological, Hyperalgesic, and Hyperactive Gut Disorders Using Animal Models

Amin

Quispe

Herrera‐Bravo

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Polyalthia suberosa (Roxb.) is a plant used to cure coughs, dysentery, fevers, joint aches, rheumatic pain, inflammation, and a variety of skin diseases. The aim of the study was to evaluate the ethyl acetate extract of Polyalthia suberosa (P. suberosa) leaves and their effects on mice for neuropharmacological, analgesic, and antidiarrheal activities. For neurological studies, the hole cross, hole board, open field, and thiopental sodium-induced sleep duration measurement methodologies were used. The castor oil-induced diarrhea inhibition test was used to assess antidiarrheal action, and the acetic acid-induced writhing inhibition test was used to determine analgesic effectiveness. The extract was given in doses of 250 and 500 mg kg−1 body weight. As a standard drug, diazepam at a dosage of 3 mg kg−1 was used. The extract was also given to groups, and sleep time was measured and recorded. The onset of the anxiolytic effect of the extract at both doses was found to be significant ( p < 0.001), and sleep time increased to 273 minutes. For assessing analgesic activity, the extract along with standard diclofenac was administered and found to be 55.02 percent and 64.33 percent, respectively, for the extracts, and diclofenac was found to be 67.44 percent ( p < 0.001). For antidiarrheal activity, it was compared with the standard drug, loperamide. The decrease for plant extracts was 50.07 percent and 70.06 percent at 250 mg kg−1 and 500 mg kg−1, respectively, whereas it was 85.01 percent for loperamide (3 mg kg−1) ( p < 0.00). In this study, it was found that ethyl acetate extract of Polyalthia suberosa leaves had strong CNS depressant, analgesic, and antidiarrheal activities, which indicates that it may be used in contemporary medicine.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnopharmacological-Based Validation of Polyalthia suberosa Leaf Extract in Neurological, Hyperalgesic, and Hyperactive Gut Disorders Using Animal Models

Amin

Quispe

Herrera‐Bravo

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…71,72 Pretreatment with sulpiride significantly reversed the antidepressant-like activity of CSE, suggesting that the effect may also be related to the dopaminergic system. Indeed, several studies have suggested the role of sulpiride in altering the antidepressant-like activity of various plant extracts in rodents 66,73 as well as the influence of some flavonoids on the dopaminergic system. 74,75 The cholinergic system plays an important role in the regulation of central functions such as arousal, attention, cognition, and memory.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar observations have been made in other studies. 73,76 Moreover, reports are available showing that the antidepressant-like activity of some isolated flavonoids is abolished by atropine, suggesting the involvement of the cholinergic system in their action. 77 The involvement of nitric oxide in physiological neuronal functions such as synaptic plasticity, including depression and neurological disorders is well recognized.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Antidepressant-Like Activity of Solvent Fractions of the Root Bark of Carissa spinarum Linn. (Apocynaceae) in Rodents Involves Multiple Signaling Pathways

Ali¹,

Engidawork²

2022

JEP

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Background The root bark of Carissa spinarum Linn. (Apocynaceae) is claimed to be used for the management of depression in Ethiopian folkloric medicine, and the crude extract has been reported to possess antidepressant-like activity in rodents. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the antidepressant-like effect of different fractions of the root bark in rodents and the possible underlying mechanisms in rats. Methods A 70% ethanol extract of the root bark was successively fractionated with n-butanol, ethyl acetate, and water. Animals of both sexes received 2% Tween 80, imipramine (30 mg/kg), or various doses (50, 100, 200 mg/kg) of the fractions. Duration of immobility was determined using the tail suspension test and the forced swim test. Locomotor activity was evaluated in the open field test. Serum corticosterone levels, total phenols, flavonoids, and alkaloids were determined. Preliminary mechanistic studies were also performed to explore possible mechanisms of action of the active fraction. Results All fractions but the aqueous fraction significantly (p<0.001) decreased the duration of immobility in both tests, with the ethyl acetate fraction being the most active. The locomotor test revealed that the activity was not due to non-specific psycho-stimulant effects. Serum corticosterone levels were reduced by both fractions, with the ethyl acetate fraction again being the most effective. Mechanistic studies showed the involvement of multiple neurotransmission systems, including adrenergic, dopaminergic and cholinergic as well as L-Arginine-NO-cGMP pathway. Higher contents of phenols (42.42 vs 29.8 mgGAE/g), flavonoids (12.43 vs 2.07 mgQE/g), and alkaloids (0.17 vs 0.07 mgATE/g) were found in the ethyl acetate than in the n-butanol fraction. Conclusion The present findings collectively indicate that the ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions are endowed with antidepressant-like activity due to the presence of phenols, flavonoids, and alkaloids, which are medium polar in nature.

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“…Species such as Eysenhardtia polystachya (Ortega) Sarg. (Leguminosae) [386], Capparis brassii DC (syn: Capparis thonningii Schumach., Capparaceae) [387], and Cnestis ferruginea Vahl ex DC (Connaraceae) [388] could also be of interest for antidepressant studies.…”

Section: Dosementioning

confidence: 99%

Medicinal Plants in the Treatment of Depression: Evidence from Preclinical Studies

Moragrega

Rı́os

2021

Planta Med

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Medicinal plants and their extracts are natural remedies with enormous potential for treating various diseases, including depression and anxiety. In the case of depression, hundreds of plants have traditionally been used in folk medicine for generations. Different plant extracts and natural products have been analyzed as potential antidepressant agents with validated models to test for antidepressant-like effects in animals, although other complementary studies have also been employed. Most of these studies focus on the possible mediators implicated in these potential effects, with dopamine, serotonin, and noradrenaline being the principal neurotransmitters implicated, both through interference with receptors and with their metabolism by monoamino oxidases, as well as through neuro-endocrine and neuroprotective effects. There are approximately 650 reports of antidepressant-like medicinal plants in PubMed; 155 of them have been compiled in this review, with a relevant group yielding positive results. Saffron and turmeric are the most relevant species studied in both preclinical and clinical studies; St. Johnʼs wort or kava have also been tested extensively. To the best of our knowledge, no review to date has provided a comprehensive understanding of the biomolecular mechanisms of action of these herbs or of whether their potential effects could have real benefits. The purpose of this narrative review is to provide an update regarding medicinal plants from the year 2000 to the present to examine the therapeutic potential of these antidepressant-like plants in order to contribute to the development of new therapeutic methods to alleviate the tremendous burden that depression causes worldwide.

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Antidepressant and Anxiolytic Effects of the Methanol Root Extract of Capparis thonningii: Involvement of Monoaminergic, Cholinergic and GABAergic Systems

Cited by 7 publications

References 24 publications

Ethnopharmacological-Based Validation of Polyalthia suberosa Leaf Extract in Neurological, Hyperalgesic, and Hyperactive Gut Disorders Using Animal Models

Ethnopharmacological-Based Validation of Polyalthia suberosa Leaf Extract in Neurological, Hyperalgesic, and Hyperactive Gut Disorders Using Animal Models

Antidepressant-Like Activity of Solvent Fractions of the Root Bark of Carissa spinarum Linn. (Apocynaceae) in Rodents Involves Multiple Signaling Pathways

Medicinal Plants in the Treatment of Depression: Evidence from Preclinical Studies

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