Antidepressant Drugs and Psychomotor Performance

Volz, Hans-Peter; Sturm, Y.

doi:10.1159/000119185

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Trazodone, by contrast, did not signiÞcantly impair performance on any of the tasks used in the present study, which is concordant with some previous studies and discordant with others (Curran et al 1988;Sakulsripong et al 1991;Amado-Boccara et al 1994;Volz and Sturm 1995). The present study found that trazodone did not impair performance on the DSST, which is generally concordant with previous studies that included this procedure (for a review see AmadoBoccara et al 1994).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Like the benzodiazepines, acute administration of trazodone signiÞcantly impairs performance on several laboratory tasks (for reviews see Woods et al 1987Woods et al , 1992Amado-Boccara et al 1994;Curran et al 1988;Volz and Sturm 1995). These Þndings suggest that the behavioral pharmacological proÞle of trazodone is qualitatively similar to that of commonly prescribed benzodiazepine hypnotics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Trazodone and triazolam: acute subject-rated and performance-impairing effects in healthy volunteers

et al. 1997

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The present study compared the acute subject-rated and performance-impairing effects of trazodone and triazolam in seven healthy humans. Trazodone (50, 100 and 200 mg), triazolam (0.125, 0.25, 0.50 mg) and placebo were administered orally in a double-blind, crossover design. Drug effects were measured approximately 30 min before drug administration and repeatedly afterwards for 6 h. Trazodone and triazolam produced dose-related increases in subject-ratings of drug effect and sedation. The absolute magnitude of trazodone's and triazolam's effects was comparable across these measures, which suggests the doses tested were equivalent on some behavioral dimension. By contrast, triazolam, but not trazodone, increased subject ratings of "dizzy", "excited", "nervous", "restless", "stomach turning" and "itchy skin". Triazolam, but not trazodone, significantly impaired learning, recall and performance. The present findings suggest trazodone may be a viable alternative to benzodiazepine hypnotics like triazolam, especially when needing to minimize drug-induced impairment. Future research could extend the present findings by replicating them in a clinically relevant population such as individuals with histories of drug abuse.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Trazodone and triazolam: acute subject-rated and performance-impairing effects in healthy volunteers

et al. 1997

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“…A 0.1-unit decrease in SI represents 10% of the scale on this measure, which ranges from 0 (chance performance) to 1.0 (perfect discrimination). A 100-msec increase in RT is characteristic of deficits observed in rats in a variety of attention tasks (e.g., Pang etal, 1993;Bushnell, 1995;Ward and Brown, 1996) and represents a large and adverse change in studies of human reaction time (Volz and Sturm, 1995). Both of these effect levels were previously associated with statistically-significant decrements in signal detection during inhalation of toluene (Bushnell et al, 1994).…”

Section: O 1997 Society Of Toikoksgymentioning

confidence: 95%

Concentration-Time Relationships for the Effects of Inhaled Trichloroethylene on Signal Detection Behavior in Rats

Bushnell

1997

Toxicol Sci

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The risk from inhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is presently assessed on the basis of lifetime exposure to average concentrations of the vapor. This strategy yields rational predictions of risk if the product of concentration (C) and the duration of exposure (0 yields constant effects on health (Haber's Rule). The validity of this assumption was evaluated by assessing the acute behavioral effects of inhaled trichloroethylene (TCE) vapor at various values of C and t. Adult male Long-Evans rats (n = 11) were trained to perform a signal detection task in which a press on one lever produced food on trials containing a signal (a brief, unpredictable light flash); a press on a second lever produced food on trials lacking a signal. Response time (RT) and indices of sensitivity (SI) and bias (RT) derived from the theory of signal detection were calculated at three times during repeated daily 60-min tests conducted in air containing 0,400, 800,1200,1600, 2000, or 2400 ppm TCE. Behavior remained stable during tests in air. In TCE, SI declined and RT increased as functions of both C and t. RI was not affected by TCE. Effects on SI and RT were not predictable from the CX( product both endpoints were more affected by C than by r. To quantify the change in the effect of TCE across exposure times, concentration-effect relationships for inhaled TCE on SI and RT were modeled with cubic polynomial functions at each of the three exposure durations. Concentrations of inhaled TCE associated with preselected changes in SI and RT were then estimated for each animal from these functions. Criterion concentrations, SIo., and RT IO o, were denned as the concentration of TCE associated with a 0.1-unit decrease in SI or a 100-msec increase in RT, respectively. Both SIo., and RT 100 increased as exposure duration decreased, but did so more slowly than would be predicted by Haber's Rule. This pattern indicates that application of Haber's Rule overestimates the concentration of inhaled ' TCE associated with changes in signal detection and thus underestimates the risk of behavior change from short-term exposures to TCE. On the other hand, the fact that SIo., and RT 100 did increase with shorter exposure times indicates that the converse assumption, that the toxicity of inhaled TCE is independent of the duration of exposure, yields an overly conservative estimate of risk. O 1997 Society of Toikoksgy.Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including organic solvents, comprise a large proportion of the chemicals released into the atmosphere, and acute exposure to these VOCs has been associated with neurotoxicity. For example, 18 of the highest-volume 25 chemicals released into the air have been reported to be acutely neurotoxic VOCs (OTA, 1990). Because the nervous system responds rapidly to inhaled VOCs, it is a likely target organ for shortterm releases of these chemicals, and evaluation of risk from short-term exposure to VOCs should include assessment of neurotoxicity.In response to concerns regarding episodic VOC releases, the Clean Air ...

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“…Daten nach Antidepressivaeinnahme über mehr als 10 Tage liegen nur vereinzelt vor [30,36]. In den letzten Jahren wurden u. a. von der eigenen Arbeitsgruppe umfangreiche, aufwendige Untersuchungen an depressiven Patienten durchgeführt [10,11,25,26].Die bislang vorliegenden Ergebnisse lassen sich dahingehend zusammenfassen, dass selektive Antidepressiva wie SSRIs (Citalopram, Fluoxetin, Fluvoxamin, Paroxetin, Sertralin), Mirtazapin und Moclobemid im Gegensatz zu vielen trizyklischen Antidepressiva [25,32] zu keinen signifikanten Beeinträchtigungen kognitiver und psychomotorischer Leistungsparameter führen.…”

Section: Alkoholmissbrauch Und -Abhängigkeitunclassified

Psychische Störungen und Fahrtauglichkeit Eine Übersicht

Laux

2002

Nervenarzt

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The revised version of the guidelines for driving ability and the new driving license decree in Germany are outlined regarding forensic implications, general rules, and guidelines for psychiatric illness. Patients suffering from acute organic psychosis, severe dementia, acute schizophrenia, mania, severe depression, and alcoholism must be seen as unable to drive cars. Regarding effects of psychotropic medication on driving performance, multiple data with healthy volunteers are available, with very few patients, however. Based on new data showing differences between older and newer antidepressants and antipsychotics, individual drug selection is strongly recommended.

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Antidepressant Drugs and Psychomotor Performance

Cited by 23 publications

References 5 publications

Trazodone and triazolam: acute subject-rated and performance-impairing effects in healthy volunteers

Trazodone and triazolam: acute subject-rated and performance-impairing effects in healthy volunteers

Concentration-Time Relationships for the Effects of Inhaled Trichloroethylene on Signal Detection Behavior in Rats

Psychische Störungen und Fahrtauglichkeit Eine Übersicht

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