Antidepressant‐like effects of fenofibrate in mice via the hippocampal brain‐derived neurotrophic factor signalling pathway

Abstract

Depression is a neuropsychiatric disorder accompanied by a decrease in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signalling cascade in the hippocampus. Fenofibrate is a selective agonist of PPAR-α. In this study, we investigated the antidepressant-like effects of fenofibrate in C57BL/6J mice. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHThe antidepressant-like effects of fenofibrate were first identified in the forced swim test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST), and then assessed in the chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) model. The changes in the hippocampal BDNF signalling pathway and adult hippocampal neurogenesis after CSDS and fenofibrate treatment were further investigated. A PPAR-α inhibitor, cannabinoid system inhibitors and BDNF signalling inhibitors were also used to determine the antidepressant mechanisms of fenofibrate. KEY RESULTSFenofibrate administration exhibited antidepressant-like effects in the FST and TST without affecting the locomotor activity of mice. Chronic fenofibrate treatment also prevented the depressive-like symptoms induced by CSDS. Moreover, fenofibrate restored the CSDS-induced decrease in the hippocampal BDNF signalling cascade and adult hippocampal neurogenesis. The antidepressant-like effects of fenofibrate could be blocked by a PPAR-α inhibitor and BDNF signalling inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONSTaken together, these results suggest that fenofibrate has antidepressant-like effects mediated through the promotion of the hippocampal BDNF signalling cascade. AbbreviationsBDNF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor; BrdU, 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine; CREB, cAMP response element-binding protein;

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“…The open‐field test was also carried out as we previously described . An open‐field apparatus (100×100×40 cm) containing 25 equal squares (5×5 cm) was used.…”

“…The chronic social defeat stress procedure, social interaction test, and sucrose preference test were also performed as we previously described . Briefly, the CSDS stress period lasted for 10 days.…”

“…The Western blotting method was performed according to our previous reports and other reports . Briefly, the test mice were sacrificed and bilateral hippocampi were immediately dissected.…”