Antidiabetic Activity of the Leaf Extract of Eurycoma Longifolia Jack. in Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide Induced Diabetic Model

Abstract

Background: One of the medication attempts in diabetes mellitus is by utilising plants that are potent as an antioxidant. Eurycoma longifolia Jack. known as "Longjack" in English, is a medicinal plant and reportedly effective as an antioxidant. Objectives: This study was aimed to examine the antidiabetic effectiveness of ethanol extract of longjack leaf in diabetes mellitus rats. Methods: This study used the total of 24 male white rats which were grouped into four. The normal and the negative control groups were administrated with CMC-Na 0.5% dose 2 ml/200 g body weight; one group was administrated with ethanol extract of longjack leaf dose 176.4 mg/200 g body weight; and the positive control group was administrated with glibenclamide dose 0.09 mg/200 g body weight. Before the extract administration, all of the experimental animals were prior induced into diabetic condition with streptozotocin-nicotinamide. Results: The levels of blood glucose and malondialdehyde in rats after the 14-day extract treatments were 78.73 mg/dl and 1.13 nmol/ml, respectively in the normal control group; 285.84 mg/dl and 10.03 nmol/ml were in the negative control group; 156.77 mg/dl and 3.86 nmol/ml in the group with the administration of ethanol extract of longjack leaf; and 148.63 mg/dl dan 3.64 nmol/ml in the group of glibenclamide administration (p<0.05). The reduction of blood glucose and malondialdehyde levels in the groups of ethanol extract administration of longjack leaf dose 176.4 mg/200 g body weight was similar to the glibenclamide administration dose 0.09 mg/200 g body weight. Conclusion: The ethanol extract of longjack leaf was effective as an antidiabetic.

Antidiabetic Activity of Ethanol-Water Fraction of Longjack Root (Eurycoma longifolia Jack.) in Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide Induced Rats

“…According to a previous study, normal rat blood glucose levels ranged from 50 -135 mg/dl (Puspitasari & Syauqy, 2015). These groups showed that all animal models did not have diabetes without STZ-NA induction (Panjaitan & Astuti, 2021). On the fourth day, a second blood glucose level measurement was taken to determine the increase in blood glucose levels after being induced with STZ-NA with a dose of STZ 45 mg/kg berat badan and a dose of NA 110 mg/kg berat badan.…”

“…The Na-CMC 0.5% administration group showed an increase in blood glucose levels combined with the highest malondialdehyde levels of 9.66 nmol/mL. According to a previous study, Na-CMC does not have potential compounds that can lower blood glucose and MDA levels (Panjaitan & Astuti, 2021). The glibenclamide administration group showed a decrease in glucose and MDA levels by 3.02 nmol/ml.…”

“…Some studies have reported that longjack has antidiabetic activity. The administration of ethanol extract of longjack leaves at a dose of 176.4 mg/200g body weight can reduce blood glucose and MDA levels of white mice Wistar strains induced by streptozotocinnicotinamide (Panjaitan & Astuti, 2021). In addition, administering methanol extract of longjack root at doses of 210 mg/kg body weight and 420 mg/kg body weight can reduce blood glucose levels in mice induced with glucose (Fransisca et al, 2018).…”