Antidiabetic Potentials of Citrus aurantifolia Leaf Essential Oil

Abstract

Citrus aurantifolia leaf essential oil was extracted via hydrodistillation, chemical composition of the oil was analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and its antidiabetic potentials was assessed in alloxan-induced hyperglycaemic rats using metformin as the reference drug for comparison. Chemical analysis showed that D-limonene (57.84%) was the major constituent of the oil. Other notable compounds identified were neral (7.81%), linalool (4.75%), sulcatone (3.48%) and isogeraniol (3.48%). Intraperitoneal administration of C. aurantifolia oil (100 mg/Kg b.wt.) to hyperglycaemic rats for 14 days caused significant reduction in fasting blood and hepatic glucose, whereas hepatic concentration of glycogen was significantly increased. Also, improvement in dyslipidaemia was observed in C. aurantifolia essential oil-treated hyperglycaemic rats; serum concentration of total cholesterol, triacylglycerol and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol were significantly reduced and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol was increased, resulting in decreased predisposition of rats to cardiac risks. Antihyperglycaemic potential of administration of the oil was lower but compared favourably with the oral antihyperglycaemic agent used as reference antidiabetic drug. Overall, data from this study showed that essential oil from the leaf of C. aurantifolia grown in North-Central Nigeria is a D-limonene chemotype. The oil showed considerable glucose lowering effect as well as the potential to ameliorate hyperglycaemia-induced dyslipidaemic complications in alloxanized rats.

Chemical composition, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative activities of the essential oil of Cymbopogon nardus, a plant used in traditional medicine

“…Essential oils (EOs) are compounds extracted from aromatic plants. Their volatile constituents have been widely used for bactericidal purposes [8,9], virucidal [10], fungicidal [11], antiparasitical [12], insecticidal [13], anticancer [14,15], antioxidant [15], antidiabetic [16], cardiovascular [17], and cosmetic and food applications [18]. Aromatic grasses of the genus Cymbopogon (Poaceae family) represent a unique group of plants that produce a diverse composition of rich monoterpene EOs [19,20].…”

Potential of peel extracts of Punica granatum and Citrus aurantifolia on alloxan-induced diabetic rats

“…Intraperitoneal administration of C. aurantifolia oil Dlimonene (extracted from peel) to hyperglycemic rats caused a significant reduction in fasting blood, hepatic glucose, serum cholesterol, triacylglycerol which may be due to modulation of glycogen metabolism by Dlimenone [48]. On the contrary, the administration of C. aurantifolia juice (50%), lead to reduce blood glucose levels initially and continuous supplementation of lime juice (50%) for 21 days produced no significant difference in plasma glucose level of diabetic rats [49].…”

Essential Oil-Bearing Plants From Balkan Peninsula: Promising Sources for New Drug Candidates for the Prevention and Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus and Dyslipidemia

“…Therefore, stimulation of glucokinase and more importantly glycogen synthase is capable of reducing hyperglycemia by stimulating the conversion of glucose into glycogen. The in vivo study of Ibrahim et al (2019) proved that essential oil from Citrus x aurantiifolia (Christm.) Swingle presented a hypoglycemic effect in an alloxan-induced diabetes model.…”