Antidiarrheal and antimicrobial activities of the ethanol extract from the <i>Icacina senegalensis</i> root bark

Akuodor, Godwin Christian; Nwobodo, Ndubuisi N.; Megwas, Anthony U.; Akpan, Joseph Linus; Nwachukwu, Daniel Chukwu; Asika, E.C.; Chilaka, Kingsley Chimsorom

doi:10.1515/jbcpp-2016-0174

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The extract of S. lehmbachii (root bark) possessed broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, shigella spp, P. aeruginosa, S. typhi and E. coli. The results suggest that the plant extract could be used in the treatment of dysentery and diarrhea (36). Increased inhibition was found against S. aureus and S. typhi.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Antidiarrhoael and antimicrobial effects of ethanol root bark extract from Salacia lehmbachii

Akuodor

Essiet

Ekenjoku

et al. 2021

J Herbmed Pharmacol

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Introduction: The roots of Salacia lehmbachii are used in Nigerian folklore medicine without scientific basis. The present study was aimed to investigate the antidiarrheal and antimicrobial activities of the ethanol extract of S. lehmbachii root bark. Methods: The antidiarrheal activity was examined using castor oil induced diarrhoea method. The ethanol root bark extract effects on intestinal transit time and enteropooling were also evaluated in rats, while antimicrobial activity was conducted on selected microorganisms. The acute toxicity test and phytochemical screening of the extract were also carried out. Results: The extract produced significant (P < 0.05) dose dependent protection on rats against castor oil induced diarrhoea. The extract inhibited intestinal transit time and caused significant dose related inhibition of castor oil induced enteropooling in rats, comparable to the standard drug, atropine (P < 0.05). The root bark extract significantly and dose dependently delayed the onset of castor oil induced diarrhoea, reduced the frequency of defecation and decreased the severity of diarrhoea in rats. S. lehmbachii ethanol root bark extract significantly and dose dependently decreased the volume of intestinal fluid accumulation in the castor oil induced enteropooling. The extract also significantly inhibited the growth of test organisms. The acute toxicity test produced no lethality in rats, whereas the phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, cardiac glycosides, resins and balsam. Conclusion: The results of this study confirm the ethnomedicinal use of S. lehmbachii root bark as a valuable natural agent for the treatment of diarrhoea and microbial infections.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Antidiarrhoael and antimicrobial effects of ethanol root bark extract from Salacia lehmbachii

Akuodor

Essiet

Ekenjoku

et al. 2021

J Herbmed Pharmacol

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“…The intestinal transit distances were measured by the distance the activated carbon had migrated in the intestine (from the pylorus to its most distal point). Percent ITR values were determined calculating the travel distance of activated carbon as a percentage of the total length of the small intestine (from the pylorus to the ileal terminus) [16].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulating the Enteric Nervous System against Obesity in Mice by Electroacupuncture

Ding

Chen

Zhong

et al. 2020

Neuroimmunomodulation

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Background and Objectives: The enteric nervous system (ENS) dominates the onset of obesity and has been shown to regulate nutrient absorption and energy metabolism. Methods and Study Design: This study was performed to investigate the role of electroacupuncture in regulating ENS function in obese mice. Obese mice were obtained by highfat diet. 16S rRNA pyrosequencing, Western blotting, quantitative PCR, and neurotransmitter analysis were used for this purpose. Results: Body weight, Lee index, serum lipid, leptin, and adiponectin levels, and other basic indices were significantly ameliorated after electroacupuncture intervention. The pathological ENS scores, serum neurotransmitter levels, and intestinal transit rate were markedly changed in obese mice. Moreover, electroacupuncture promoted the diversity of gut microbiota. No significant differences were observed 21 and 28 days after electroacupuncture. Conclusions: These results suggested ENS may be a new treatment approach to obesity.

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“…The total number of diarrhoea (drops) was recorded and compared with the controls. The percentage (%) inhibition of diarrhoea was calculated following the formula [26] below…”

Section: Castor Oil-induced Diarrhoeal Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The small intestine was dissected out from the pylorus to the caecum and the total distance traveled by the charcoal plug along the small intestine was estimated for both the control and the treated groups. The percentage distance traveled by the charcoal meal from the pylorus to the caecum was calculated following formula [26] below.…”

Section: Gastrointestinal Motility Model (Charcoal Meal)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative assessment of the anti-diarrhoeal effects of the ethanol leaf and stem extracts of lantana camara in Wistar rats

Oyindamola¹,

Akuodor²,

Ifeanyi³

et al. 2021

Magna Sci. Adv. Res. Rev.

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The antidiarrhoeal effects of Lantana camara ethanol leaf and stem extracts were compared in Wistar rats. The phytochemical and acute toxicity tests were also determined. The extracts were evaluated for castor oil- induced diarrhoea and enteropooling as well as intestinal transit in rats. The ethanol stem extract produced significant (P < 0.05), while the ethanol leaf extract produced significant (P < 0.01) dose dependent protection on rats against castor oil induced diarrhoea. The stem extract inhibited intestinal transit time and caused significant (P < 0.05), while leaf extract caused significant (P < 0.01) dose related inhibition of castor oil induced enteropooling in rats, comparable to the standard drugs. The leaf and stem extracts significantly and dose dependently delayed the onset of castor oil induced diarrhoea, decreased the frequency of defecation and reduced the severity of diarrhoea in rats. The ethanol leaf and stem extracts of L. camara significantly and dose dependently decreased the volume of intestinal fluid accumulation in the castor oil induced enteropooling. The distance travelled by charcoal meal in intestinal transit time was also reduced. The oral LD50 values obtained were greater than 5000 mg/kg in rats. These findings suggest that both ethanol leaf and stem extracts of Lantana camara may contain some biologically active ingredients that are active for the treatment of diarrhoea in Nigerian herbal traditional medicine. However, the leaf extract has more antidiarrhoeal activities compared to the stem extract in castor oil-induced diarrhoeal in Wistar rats.

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Antidiarrheal and antimicrobial activities of the ethanol extract from the Icacina senegalensis root bark

Abstract: The ethanol extract of the I. senegalensis root bark showed antidiarrheal activity, thus justifying its long folkloric use in diarrhea treatment. The extract also demonstrated antimicrobial activity against selected diarrheal causing organisms.

Cited by 6 publications

References 18 publications

Antidiarrhoael and antimicrobial effects of ethanol root bark extract from Salacia lehmbachii

Antidiarrhoael and antimicrobial effects of ethanol root bark extract from Salacia lehmbachii

Regulating the Enteric Nervous System against Obesity in Mice by Electroacupuncture

Comparative assessment of the anti-diarrhoeal effects of the ethanol leaf and stem extracts of lantana camara in Wistar rats

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