Antidyslipidemic, Anti‐Inflammatory, and Antioxidant Activities of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Dioscoreophyllum cumminsii (Stapf) Diels in High‐Fat Diet‐Fed Rats

Abstract

Dioscoreophyllum cumminsii (Stapf) Diels leaves are widely used in the treatment of diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular related complications in Nigeria. This study investigates the anti-inflammatory and antiobesity effect of aqueous extract of Dioscoreophyllum cumminsii leaves in high-fat diet- (HFD-) induced obese rats. HFD-fed rats were given 100, 200, and 400 mgkg−1 body weight of aqueous extract of Dioscoreophyllum cumminsii leaves for 4 weeks starting from 9th week of HFD treatment. D. cumminsii leaves aqueous extract reversed HFD-mediated decrease in the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Moreover, HFD-mediated elevation in the levels of conjugated dienes, lipid hydroperoxides, malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl, and DNA fragmentation in rats liver was lowered. HFD-mediated alterations in serum total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly reversed by the extract. The treatment of HFD-fed rats reduced the levels of insulin, leptin, protein carbonyl, fragmented DNA, and tumour necrosis factor-α and interleukin- (IL-) 6 and IL- 8 and increased the adiponectin level. This study showed that aqueous extract of Dioscoreophyllum cumminsii leaves has potential antiobesity and anti-inflammatory effects through modulation of obesity-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, and obesity-related disorder in HFD-induced obese rats.

<i>Dioscoreophyllum cumminsii</i> (Stapf) Diels., an African underutilised indigenous fruit

“…They can also be mixed with shea butter to produce an ointment for the relief of pains and stiffness. When the leaves are processed into a dark powder after being burned, they can be used to treat diarrhoea, dysentery and uterine hemorrhages (Oselebe and Nwankiti, 2005;Ibitoye et al, 2017). Stem, leaves and fruits are the major parts NJB, Volume 36 (1), June, 2023 Dioscoreophyllum cumminsii, an Underutilised Indigenous Fruit of the plant that are the most utilised.…”

“…It is locally called Utobilibiri, Era-ngorobi or Era-nwankita in Igbo and Omuaja or Ito-igbin or Ayun-ita in Yoruba language (Inglett and May, 1968). Apart from the monellin, this sweetener fruit also contains flavonoids, tannins, saponins, phenolic groups and steroid groups which play important roles in health maintenance and disease treatment (Furuya et al, 1983;Balogun and Fetuga, 1988;Ayoola et al, 2017;Ibitoye et al, 2017). The leaves are also known for their usefulness in regulating high fructose proportion in blood as hypoglycemic activity and to control hypertension, inflammation and oxidative stress (Ajiboye et al, 2016;Ibitoye et al, 2017).…”

“…Apart from the monellin, this sweetener fruit also contains flavonoids, tannins, saponins, phenolic groups and steroid groups which play important roles in health maintenance and disease treatment (Furuya et al, 1983;Balogun and Fetuga, 1988;Ayoola et al, 2017;Ibitoye et al, 2017). The leaves are also known for their usefulness in regulating high fructose proportion in blood as hypoglycemic activity and to control hypertension, inflammation and oxidative stress (Ajiboye et al, 2016;Ibitoye et al, 2017). It can also treat diarrhoea, dysentery and uterine hemorrhages (Ajiboye et al, 2016;Świąder et al, 2019).…”

The ameliorative activity of Chrysobalanus orbicularis in streptozotocin-induced type II diabetes mellitus rat model

“…Exogenous variables like ecological factors just as hereditary qualities, diet and weight contribute extraordinarily to the improvement of this ailment (Piero et al, 2015). Lately, characteristic spices have been utilized broadly for the administration of type II diabetes mellitus and its difficulties and it has been accounted for that it is more secure with next to zero side effects (Ibitoye et al, 2017) consequently the inclination of elective medications over manufactured drugs (Kooti et al, 2016).…”

Antioxidant and Inhibitory Activities of Enzymes Linked to Type II Diabetes Mellitus: The Novel Role of Chrysobalanus Orbicularis Leaf Extract

“…During oxidative stress, the human body produces free radicals that overwhelm the enzymatic antioxidants, such as Glutathione (GPx) [2]. The free radicals are mainly produced through biophysical and environmental processes, which cause cellular damages and in most cases result in apoptosis [3]. The quest for natural antioxidants as beneficial agents to inhibit free radicals in the pathogenesis of some human diseases is an important area of clinical interest [4].…”