Antiepileptic Effects of Thyrotropin‐Releasing Hormone and Its New Derivative, DN‐1417, Examined in Feline Amygdaloid Kindling Preparation

Sato, Mitsumoto; Morimoto, Kiyoshi; Wada, Juhn A.

doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1984.tb03458.x

Cited by 62 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Interestingly, thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and its derivative DN-1417 which show antiepileptic effects in feline amygdaloid kindling preparations induced a long-term elevation of the electroconvulsive threshold in some cats (Sato et al, 1984). This elevation appeared only when a positive anticonvulsant effect was observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immediate and long-term effects of opiate antagonists on postictal behaviour following amygdala kindling in the rat

Cottrell

Bohus

1987

European Journal of Pharmacology

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Male Wistar rats implanted with bipolar electrodes in the amygdaloid complex were kindled. Subcutaneous injection of naloxone or naltrexone in low doses -0.12 and 0.24 mg/kg, respectively -dramatically reduced the postictal behavioural depression (BD) at 10 or 60 min. Remarkably, the BD was still reduced one day later. It would appear that the brain mechanisms involved in postictal BD use #-receptors since BD is quite sensitive to low doses of the preferential antagonists naloxone and naltrexone. The long-term effects, the most novel aspect of these studies, are probably related to immediate effects but could be produced through slow genomic processes or alteration of the response to endogenously released enkephalins.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immediate and long-term effects of opiate antagonists on postictal behaviour following amygdala kindling in the rat

Cottrell

Bohus

1987

European Journal of Pharmacology

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“…The kindling model of epilepsy has proved advantageous for study of the involvement of classic neurotransmitters (27-29) and some peptides (6,30,31) as modulators of epileptogenesis and also as a paradigm that involves neural stimulation in vivo in freely moving nonanesthetized animals. According to previous reports, TRH levels in rats are increased at stage V of kindling in areas recognized as epileptogenic: hippocampus, amygdala, and frontal cortex.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain Thyrotropin‐Releasing Hormone Content Varies Through Amygdaloid Kindling Development According to Afterdischarge Frequency and Propagation

et al. 1998

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Summary:Purpose: Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), present in extra hypothalamic brain areas, has been proposed to have neuromodulatory functions and to be susceptible to change by electrical stimulation paradigms. We measured TRH concentrations of several brain areas during kindling development before its establishment and determined whether the changes detected in TRH levels were related to the behavioral stages of kindling, the number of stimulations required to reach these stages and, with the electrophysiological parameters characteristic of this paradigm (amygdaloid afterdischarge (AD) frequency, duration, and propagation).Methods: Male Wistar rats were implanted stereotaxically with indwelling bipolar electrodes in the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala and with two stainless-steel electrodes epidurally in frontal cortex. Amygdaloid kindling was induced by daily electrical stimulation; AD frequency and duration were recorded and analyzed throughout the development of kindling. TRH was extracted from several regions and quantified by radioimmunoassay (RIA).Results: Modifications in TRH concentrations were detected, depending on the region assayed, from stage I1 of kindling. A positive correlation was noted between the levels of TRH and the frequency and propagation of AD, but not with the number of stimulations. The rate of change in TRH concentration in relation to AD frequency or duration was highest in frontal cortex followed by hippocampus and amygdala. Conclusions: A graded response was noted in the increase in TRH concentration dependent on the increase of AD frequency and propagation. The rate of response correlated with the region's epileptogenic susceptibility.

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“…36 Since the amygdala contains the largest concentration of TRH receptors in the human CNS, the antiseizure efficacy of DN-1417 might depend upon binding to functional TRH receptors located in the amygdala. Our results indicate that the stratum moleculare of the dentate gyrus of human hippocampus contains high concentrations of TRH receptors.…”

Section: Biochemical Characterization Of R H ] -Metrh Bindmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autoradiographic localization of thyr tropin releasing hormone receptors in human brain

Manaker¹,

Eichen²,

Winokur³

et al. 1986

Neurology

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We used quantitative autoradiography to localize thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) receptors in human brain. Highest concentrations of TRH receptors were localized within the cortical, basal, and lateral nuclei of the amygdala and the molecular layer of the hippocampus. Low levels were found in the cortex, diencephalon, and basal ganglia. The radioligand bound with similar affinity and pharmacology to pituitary gland as to brain. These data suggest that authentic TRH receptors in the hippocampus and amygdala may mediate the putative effects of TRH on the human brain.

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Antiepileptic Effects of Thyrotropin‐Releasing Hormone and Its New Derivative, DN‐1417, Examined in Feline Amygdaloid Kindling Preparation

Cited by 62 publications

References 38 publications

Immediate and long-term effects of opiate antagonists on postictal behaviour following amygdala kindling in the rat

Immediate and long-term effects of opiate antagonists on postictal behaviour following amygdala kindling in the rat

Brain Thyrotropin‐Releasing Hormone Content Varies Through Amygdaloid Kindling Development According to Afterdischarge Frequency and Propagation

Autoradiographic localization of thyr tropin releasing hormone receptors in human brain

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