Antifungal activity of chitinase produced by Streptomyces species isolated from grassland soils in Futa Area, Akure

Abstract

Background This study was carried out to investigate the antifungal activity of chitinase produced by Streptomyces species isolated from grassland soils against selected pathogenic fungi, namely: Magnaporthe oryzae, Fusarium graminearum, Rhizoctonia solani, Puccinia species and Botyrtis cinerea. Chitinase produced by Streptomyces albus was purified consecutively with dialysis, gel filtration and ion- exchange chromatography, the test isolate can be exploited for large scale production of chitinase. Results Seven Streptomyces species (Streptomyces rimosus, S. albus, S. riseoflavus, S. fumosus, S. spiralis, S. aureofaciens and S. flavogriseus) isolated from three different grassland soils were screened based on the morphology and their ability to produce chitinase. S. rimosus, S. fumosus, S. albus and S. flavogriseus were able to produce chitinase, although the enzyme chitinase was found to be higher in Streptomyces albus. The effect of environmental factors were determined on Streptomyces albus being the best chitinolytic producing isolate. Temperature of 30οC was favourable for Streptomyces albus and pH 6.0 was a growth factor for maximum chitinase production. The activity of the enzyme was stimulated by the addition of metal ions like Mn2+, K+, Na+, Mg+, Fe2+, Ca2+ but Zn2+ inhibited chitinase activity. Chitinase activity was favoured by maltose as carbon source and NH4 (SO4)2 as nitrogen source. Culture filtrate of Streptomyces albus was able to inhibit the growth of all the selected pathogenic fungi namely Magnaporthe oryzae, Fusarium graminearum, Rhizoctonia solani, Puccinia species and Botyrtis cinerea whereas Streptomyces rimosus has the least inhibitory activity. Conclusions Streptomyces albus has the highest ability to produce chitinase which can act as antifungal for degradation of the cell wall of many phytopathogenic fungi.

WITHDRAWN: Production of Acarbose From Actinoplanes Species Isolated From Termite Mound for Treatment of Type Two Diabetes

“…On a sterile work bench, 1g of the soil sample was added to the cooled sterilized water labeled 10, and using a sterile syringe, the stock water was agitated. 1 ml of the admixture was collected and transferred into the coming test tube labeled 10 -1 ; the process continued to 10 -7 (Ekundayo et al., 2022).…”

Serendipita indica chitinase protects rice from the blast and bakanae diseases

“…In terms of thermal stability, the enzyme was relatively stable at a temperature range of 20-30°C and reaching the highest at 40°C which gradually decreases after 40°C and become completely inactivated when treated at 90°C for 10 min, which indicates that SiChi is not stable at very high temperature (Figure 2c). As metal ions have been reported to affect the chitinase activity [27], we also observed the effect of Co 2+ , Mn 2+ , Mg 2+ , and Ca 2+ on SiChi activity. All the metal ions improved the chitinase activity; however, Co 2+ has shown the most obvious effect on improving the chitinase activity, that reaches up to 5.32 U, which is 135% higher compared to that of the control (Figure 2d).…”

WITHDRAWN: Production of Acarbose From Actinoplanes Species Isolated From Termite Mound for Treatment of Type Two Diabetes

“…Afterwards, the tubes were allowed to cool. In a sterile environment, 1g of the soil sample was added to the sterilized water labelled 10 and using a sterile syringe, the stock water was agitated, 1mlof the mixture was collected and transferred into the next test tube labelled 10 − 1 ; the process continued to 10 − 7 (Ekundayo et. al., 2022).…”