Antifungal Activity of Extracts of Rosmarinus officinalis and Thymus vulgaris against Aspergillus flavus and A. ochraceus

Abstract

The antifungal activity of ethanolic extracts of Rosmarinus officinalis and Thymus vulgaris were tested against strains of Aspergillus flavus and A. ochraceus, since these two species are common contaminants of cereals and grains and are able to produce and accumulate mycotoxins. The methodology used is based on measuring the inhibition halos produced by discs impregnated with the extracts and establishing their Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) as well as the Minimum Fungicide Concentration (MFC). The results obtained suggest that the assayed extracts affect the proper development of A. flavus and A. ochraceus; leading to a lower MIC (1200 ppm) and MFC (2400 ppm) for T. vulgaris extract against A. ochraceus than against A. flavus. The results show, that the extracts of Rosmarinus officinalis and Thymus vulgaris used at low concentrations could have significant potential for the biological control of fungi in foodstuffs.

Antifungal and Antioxidant Activities of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalisL.) Essential Oil

“…The MIC was ranged from a low of 300 mg L -1 for F. proliferatum to a high of 1000 mg L -1 for F. acuminatum. These results are in agreement with mentioned recently by (da Silva Bomfim et al 2015b, Ng;Cheung and Wong 2013, Mugnaini et al 2013, Centeno et al 2010, Pinto et al 2009, Ozcan and Chalchat 2008, Angioni et al 2004.…”

“…Significant microscopic morphological changes were visualized, such as the rupture of the cell wall and the leakage of cytoplasm at 300 µg mL -1 of REO (da Silva Bomfim et al 2015a), Trichophyton mentagrophytes (Mugnaini et al 2013). Aspergillus flavus and A. ochraceus (Centeno et al 2010) and Alternariaalternata, Botrytis cinerea and F. oxysporum (Ozcan andChalchat 2008, Angioni et al 2004).…”

EFECTO DE EXTRACTOS CRUDOS DE AJO (Allium sativum) SOBRE EL DESARROLLO in vitro DE Aspergillus parasiticus Y Aspergillus niger.

“…En ensayos realizados con A. flavus, hongo con características fisiológicas similares a A. parasiticus, el extracto de hoja de zimmu, un híbrido interespecífico de A. sativum y A. cepa, inhibió un 73% el crecimiento del hongo con respecto al control, presentando un halo de 2.4 cm (Sandosskumar et al, 2007). Con el mismo hongo, el extracto de Melissa officinalis en una concentración de 58.25 mg/mL presentó halos de inhibición de 22 mm (Abarca, Bragulat, Castellá, Accensi, & Cabañes, 2000;Sara Centeno & Carrera, 2013), mientras que los extractos etanólicos de Thymus vulgaris y Rosmarimus officinalis (S. Centeno, Calvo, Adelantado, & Figueroa, 2010) produjeron halos de inhibición de 11.4 mm y 14.6 mm respectivamente, estos resultados son similares a los obtenidos en este trabajo con A. parasiticus. Algunos estudios han evaluado el efecto antifúngico de Allium sativum sobre otras especies de hongos.…”

Essential oils and plant extracts with activity against oral microorganisms: prevention and treatment of oral diseases

“…Plant extracts and essential oils are an abundant source of biologically active compounds, which reduce the bacterial adhesion, inhibit the formation and development of dental plaque, reduce gum bleeding, accelerate wound healing and have strong anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity (Palombo 2011). The most popular and commercially available plants with antibacterial activity frequently used in oral hygiene are Salvia officinalis (Velickovic et al 2003;Bozin et al 2007), Thymus vulgaris (Rota et al 2008;Centeno et al 2010), Mentha piperita (Mimica-Duki c et al 2003;Bupesh et al 2007), Juniperus communis (Filipowicz et al 2003;Martz et al 2009) and Rosmarinus officinalis (Celiktas et al 2007;Centeno et al 2010). Also, their therapeutic application and effectiveness in the prevention and treatment of different oral diseases have been investigated (Palombo EA.…”