Antifungal Activity of Terminalia mantaly on the in vitro Growth of Cryptococcus neoformans

Bognan, Ackah Jacques Auguste Alfred

doi:10.9734/ijbcrr/2013/2438

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Owing to the healing power and antioxidant potential, T . chebula was known as the “king of medicine” in Tibet which has been a preferred choice in Ayurvedic Materia Medica [ 11 ]. The antioxidant activity of T .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Terminalia is the second-largest genus including 200 species [ 11 ]. The word “ Terminalia” originated from the Latin word terminus (end or extremity of a thing, boundary, or limit) because the leaves grow at the tips of their shoots [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Terminalia species have been screened for their antioxidant potential by DPPH, superoxide radical scavenging, and FRAP assays and showed high antioxidant potential [ 11 ]. But the phytochemical and biological activity of T .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Profiling of phytochemicals from aerial parts of Terminalia neotaliala using LC-ESI-MS2 and determination of antioxidant and enzyme inhibition activities

et al. 2022

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Objectives Owing to extraordinary healing power, Terminalia species have been used in traditional medicine systems to treat various diseases. Many folklore uses of Terminalia neotaliala (Madagascar’s almond) included treating arterial hypertension, diabetes, diarrhea, dysentery, colic, oral and digestive candidiasis, intestinal parasitic infections, inflammatory skin conditions, postpartum care, and mycotic infections but nevertheless scientifically explored for its medicinal and pharmacological importance. Therefore, the current study intended to prepare methanolic extract and its fractionation with hexane, chloroform, and butanol followed by evaluation of their polyphenolic content, biological activities, and LCMS analysis. The biological study included antioxidant activity and enzyme inhibition assay i.e., α-glucosidase and urease. The insight study of biologically active secondary metabolites of butanol fraction (BUAE) was performed through LCMS. Methods The total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of hydroalcoholic and its fractions were estimated using the Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride method. The total tannin content (TTC) was determined using the Folin-Denis spectrophotometric method. Similarly, the antioxidant potential of HAAE, HEAE, CFAE, and BUAE was determined using four methods as DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), 2,2-azinobis(3-ethylbenothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid, cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The sample extracts were also evaluated against two clinically important enzymes i.e., α-glucosidase and urease. Results The BUAE (butanol aerial fraction) showed the highest TPC (234.79 ± 0.12 mg.GAE.g-1 DE), TFC (320.75 ± 12.50 mg.QE.g-1 DE), and TTC (143.36 ± 4.32 mg.TA.Eq.g-1 DE). The BUAE also showed the highest scavenging potential determined by DPPH (642.65 ± 1.11 mg.TEq.g-1 DE) and ABTS (543.17 ± 1.11 mg.TEq.g-1 DE), and the metal-reducing capacity determined by CUPRAC (1510.41 ± 4.45 mg.TEq.g-1 DE) and FRAP (739.81 ± 19.32 mg.TEq.g-1 DE). The LCMS of BUAE identified 18 different biologically active phytoconstituents validating a rich source of hydrolyzable tannins including ellagitannins and gallitannins. Conclusion The present study concluded that T. neotaliala is a rich source of polyphenols capable of neutralizing the damage caused by free radical accumulation in the cells and tissues. The significant antioxidant results and identification of high molecular weight hydrolyzable tannins enlightened the medicinal importance of T. neotaliala.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Profiling of phytochemicals from aerial parts of Terminalia neotaliala using LC-ESI-MS2 and determination of antioxidant and enzyme inhibition activities

et al. 2022

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Sclareolide as Antifungal Strategy Against Cryptococcus neoformans: Unveiling Its Mechanisms of Action

Ganeshkumar,

Lima,

Haribabu

et al. 2024

Microorganisms

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Cryptococcal infection commonly begins as an opportunistic infection in humans, however, this can escalate to a systemic or life-threatening form in immunocompromised individuals. Here, we aim to identify novel antifungal molecules from plants resources. Sclareolide, a phytochemical classified as a sesquiterpene lactone, was assessed against Cryptococcus neoformans H99. Sclareolide exhibited promising antifungal properties with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 16 µg/mL. Additionally, the C. neoformans growth rate was significantly affected by sclareolide treatment in a concentration-dependent manner, as observed through a time killing assay, with a significant reduction at MIC × 8 compared to the control by 48 h. To elucidate the underlying mechanisms of sclareolide antifungal activity, fluorescence-based methods were employed. Propidium iodide (PI) accumulation assay indicated a reduction in C. neoformans membrane integrity, with values as low as 6.62 ± 0.18% after treatment. Moreover, sclareolide at MIC × 4 and MIC × 8 significantly increased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), suggesting oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in C. neoformans. Sclareolide did not induce caspase-dependent apoptosis, suggesting a non-apoptotic mechanism. Further, a checkerboard experiment was performed to assess potential synergistic interaction with Amphotericin B, however, no synergism was observed. Moving on, sclareolide at 128 µg/mL did not exhibit toxicity in Galleria mellonella, further supporting its potential as a safe antifungal agent. These findings suggest that the antifungal activity of sclareolide against C. neoformans is mediated by oxidative stress. Further in vivo and pharmacokinetic studies are recommended to explore the potential of sclareolide as a prototype for the development of novel anti-cryptococcal therapies.

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Antifungal Activity of Terminalia avicennioides in Drosophila melanogaster as an Infectious Model

Wu¹,

A²,

Za³

et al. 2019

Research J. of Medicinal Plants

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Antifungal Activity of Terminalia mantaly on the in vitro Growth of Cryptococcus neoformans

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Profiling of phytochemicals from aerial parts of Terminalia neotaliala using LC-ESI-MS2 and determination of antioxidant and enzyme inhibition activities

Profiling of phytochemicals from aerial parts of Terminalia neotaliala using LC-ESI-MS2 and determination of antioxidant and enzyme inhibition activities

Sclareolide as Antifungal Strategy Against Cryptococcus neoformans: Unveiling Its Mechanisms of Action

Antifungal Activity of Terminalia avicennioides in Drosophila melanogaster as an Infectious Model

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