Antifungal Agents from the Roots of Cudrania cochinchinensis against Candida, Cryptococcus, and Aspergillus Species

Abstract

Bioassay-guided fractionation resulted in the isolation of four antifungal agents from the roots of Cudrania cochinchinensis. Two of these were new compounds, cudraxanthone S [1, 1,3,5,6-tetrahydroxy-2-(1,1-dimethyl-2-propenyl)xanthone] and cudraflavanone B (2, 2',4',5,7-tetrahydroxy-6-prenylflavanone). The remaining two compounds were known compounds, toxyloxanthone C (3) and wighteone (4). Among these compounds, 1, 3, and 4 exhibited antifungal activities against Cryptococcus neoformans, Aspergillusfumigatus, and A. nidulans (MICs = 2-8 microg/mL). Compounds 1 and 3 also showed antifungal activity against Candida glabrata (MICs = 4-8 microg/mL).

Anti-candida activity by <i>Hymenocallis littoralis</i> extracts for opportunistic oral and genital infection <i>Candida albicans</i>

“…Plant materials such as extracts, essential oils and isolated compounds have been demonstrated to inhibit the growth of bacteria (Erturk, 2006), yeast (Duarte et al, 2005) and filamentous fungi (Fukai et al, 2003) (Furletti, 2011). H. littoralis is a well-known plant for its isolated alkaloids and flavonoid compounds.…”

Evaluation of plant products and antagonistic microbes against grey blight (Pestalotiopsis theae), a devastating pathogen of tea

“…Till date, the disease is controlled by chemical fungicides in most of the tea estates situated in the region. Use of chemical fungicides is becoming unpopular due to all round awareness of their hazardous effect on the environment (Bansod and Rai, 2008;Fukai et al, 2003). The application of broadspectrum chemical fungicides is the common practice in most of the horticultural crops for controlling fungal diseases.…”

Antimicrobial Activity of Hydrophobic Xanthones from Cudrania cochinchinensis against Bacillus subtilis and Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

“…The water or Chinese liquor extract of Cudrania cochinchinensis (Moraceae) is used for the treatment of gonorrhoea, rheumatism, jaundice, hepatitis, boils, scabies, and bruising in traditional Chinese medicine [9]. Recently, we reported antifungal xanthones isolated from the plants [10] and their antibacterial potency against VREs [11]. In this paper, we report the comparison between antibacterial activities of Cudrania xanthones against MRSAs and against Bacillus subtilis, which is a ubiquitous bacterium commonly found in water, soil, air, and decomposing plant residues, but which does not damage living plants.…”

“…Ten xanthones, gerontoxanthone G (1) , gerontoxanthone H ( cudraxanthone H; 2), gerontoxanthone I (3), alvaxanthone (4), isoalvaxanthone (5), toxyloxanthone C (6), 1,3,7-trihydroxy-2-prenylxanthone (7), cudraxanthone S (8), gerontoxanthone A (9), gerontoxanthone B (10), and a benzophenone, cudranone (11), from the roots of Chinese Cudrania cochinchinensis Lour. (Moraceae) used here were available from our previous work [10] [12]. These samples had been stored in a freezer (À 308) before use.…”

“…On the other hand, hydrophobic groups may play the role of anchors and/or lances in the bilayer (hydrocarbon moieties of lipids or hydrophobic residues of proteins). There are no reports on side effects of the liquid medicinal extracts of C. cochinchinensis produced with water or Chinese liquor, but are not allowed to be prescribed to pregnant women [10]. Previously, we reported cytotoxicity of Cudrania xanthones and benzophenones [13], in which gerontoxanthone H (2) exhibited relatively low cytotoxic activity against normal human gingival fibroblast (CC 50 76 mg/ml) [28].…”