Antifungal Combinations in Dermatophytes

Brescini, Lucia; Fioriti, Simona; Morroni, Gianluca; Barchiesi, Francesco

doi:10.20944/preprints202108.0276.v1

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 45 publications

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“…Trichophyton spp. is the most frequent Dermatophytoses fungus, with (25) species, the most virulent, and one of the most common diseases in the world, affecting 10-20% of the global population 1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of LAP1 and LAP2 genes from Trichophyton rubrum

Sadeq

2022

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Samples of hair, nails and skin were collected, representing people of different ages and races. The number of isolated people gathered between October 2021 and February 2022 from Al-Hussein Teaching Hospital and a private clinic under the supervision of doctors(118) species was examined. Dermatophytes were found in 80 of them; among the 80 positive Trichophyton rubrum species, 30 were produced, which represents less than half of the dermatophytes for each of the 80 positive species (14 cutaneous, nine hair and seven nail isolates)the study's findings included hair hole testing, which came back negative, and urea degradation testing. The results were either negative or inconsistent across the isolates; the growth test in the PDA was positive, the virulence factors that enable the fungus to penetrate host tissues were studied during leucine aminopeptidase (LAP1) and (LAP2), it was observed that there were no significant differences in gene isolates of T. rubrum. Keywords: LAP1; LAP2; genus Trichophyton rubrum.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of LAP1 and LAP2 genes from Trichophyton rubrum

Sadeq

2022

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Facile Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles with Potential Synergistic Activity with Common Antifungal Agents against Multidrug-Resistant Candidal Strains

et al. 2022

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The high incidence of fungal resistance to antifungal drugs represents a global concern, contributing to high levels of morbidity and mortality, especially among immunocompromised patients. Moreover, conventional antifungal medications have poor therapeutic outcomes, as well as possible toxicities resulting from long-term administration. Accordingly, the aim of the present study was to investigate the antifungal effectiveness of biogenic zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) against multidrug-resistant candidal strains. Biogenic ZnO NPs were characterized using physicochemical methods, such as UV-vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X ray (EDX) spectroscopy, FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectroscopy and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis. UV spectral analysis revealed the formation of two absorption peaks at 367 and 506 nm, which preliminarily indicated the successful synthesis of ZnO NPs, whereas TEM analysis showed that ZnO NPs exhibited an average particle size of 22.84 nm. The EDX spectrum confirmed the successful synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles free of impurities. The FTIR spectrum of the biosynthesized ZnO NPs showed different absorption peaks at 3427.99, 1707.86, 1621.50, 1424.16, 1325.22, 1224.67, 1178.22, 1067.69, 861.22, 752.97 and 574.11 cm−1, corresponding to various functional groups. The average zeta potential value of the ZnO NPs was −7.45 mV. XRD analysis revealed the presence of six diffraction peaks at 2θ = 31.94, 34.66, 36.42, 56.42, 69.54 and 76.94°. The biogenic ZnO NPs (100µg/disk) exhibited potent antifungal activity against C. albicans, C. glabrata and C. tropicalis strains, with suppressive zone diameters of 24.18 ± 0.32, 20.17 ± 0.56 and 26.35 ± 0.16 mm, respectively. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ZnO NPs against C. tropicalis strain was found to be 10 μg/mL, whereas the minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC) was found to be 20 μg/mL. Moreover, ZnO NPs revealed a potential synergistic efficiency with fluconazole, nystatin and clotrimazole antifungal drugs against C. albicans strain, whereas terbinafine, nystatin and itraconazole antifungal drugs showed a potential synergism with ZnO NPs against C. glabrata as a multidrug-resistant strain. In conclusion, pomegranate peel extract mediated green synthesis of ZnO NPs with potential physicochemical features and antimicrobial activity. The biosynthesized ZnO NPs could be utilized for formulation of novel drug combinations to boost the antifungal efficiency of commonly used antifungal agents.

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Rapid and Accurate Diagnosis of Dermatophyte Infections Using the DendrisCHIP® Technology

Anton,

Plinet,

Peyret

et al. 2023

Diagnostics

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Dermatophytosis is a superficial fungal infection with an ever-increasing number of patients. Culture-based mycology remains the most commonly used diagnosis, but it takes around four weeks to identify the causative agent. Therefore, routine clinical laboratories need rapid, high throughput, and accurate species-specific analytical methods for diagnosis and therapeutic management. Based on these requirements, we investigated the feasibility of DendrisCHIP® technology as an innovative molecular diagnostic method for the identification of a subset of 13 pathogens potentially responsible for dermatophytosis infections in clinical samples. This technology is based on DNA microarray, which potentially enables the detection and discrimination of several germs in a single sample. A major originality of DendrisCHIP® technology is the use of a decision algorithm for probability presence or absence of pathogens based on machine learning methods. In this study, the diagnosis of dermatophyte infection was carried out on more than 284 isolates by conventional microbial culture and DendrisCHIP®DP, which correspond to the DendrisCHIP® carrying oligoprobes of the targeted pathogens implicated in dermatophytosis. While convergence ranging from 75 to 86% depending on the sampling procedure was obtained with both methods, the DendrisCHIP®DP proved to identify more isolates with pathogens that escaped the culture method. These results were confirmed at 86% by a third method, which was either a specific RT-PCR or genome sequencing. In addition, diagnostic results with DendrisCHIP®DP can be obtained within a day. This faster and more accurate identification of fungal pathogens with DendrisCHIP®DP enables the clinician to quickly and successfully implement appropriate antifungal treatment to prevent the spread and elimination of dermatophyte infection. Taken together, these results demonstrate that this technology is a very promising method for routine diagnosis of dermatophytosis.

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Antifungal Combinations in Dermatophytes

Cited by 8 publications

References 45 publications

Detection of LAP1 and LAP2 genes from Trichophyton rubrum

Detection of LAP1 and LAP2 genes from Trichophyton rubrum

Facile Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles with Potential Synergistic Activity with Common Antifungal Agents against Multidrug-Resistant Candidal Strains

Rapid and Accurate Diagnosis of Dermatophyte Infections Using the DendrisCHIP® Technology

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