Antifungal effect of bark extracts from some European tree species

Alfredsen, Gry; Solheim, Halvor

doi:10.1007/s10342-008-0222-x

Cited by 38 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In these fungi, the determination of the specificity of nourishing relationships with the substrate is even harder, mainly due to two factors: (1) it is very difficult to keep track of the weak and labile hyphae through the dry, hard and rough tissues, dead or not, of the bark trunk in order to determine precisely the material that actually serves as a nutrient for the fungus, (2) it is not easy to elucidate the role played by every species of fungus, as they are part of a wide community of epiphytic fungi sharing the same substrate. A specific species of fungus may begin as saprophyte on the dead material of the bark, then reach the internal living tissues and become a pathogen, and eventually end up as saprophytic on dead trunk [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrients and Trace Elements Content of Wood Decay Fungi Isolated from Oak (Quercus ilex)

Campos

2011

Biol Trace Elem Res

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The presence of chemical elements and the differences in their concentration in the fruiting bodies of wood decay fungi may reflect their activity either as saprobes or parasites and the intimate physiological relation with the substrate from which they extract their nutrients. In order to test this hypothesis, we carried out a systematic sampling of eight species of wood decay fungi on oak (Quercus ilex). The data show that the concentration of some elements exhibits a very wide range of values for the species tested, which could mean that the relative content of some elements may provide clues about the nature of the substrate and, moreover, about the nutritional physiology. The comparison between the foliar analysis (FA) and the elemental content of fungi may shed light on the specific physiological behaviour of the species. Potassium is an element accumulated in fungal biomass in higher quantities than in the FA. By contrast, calcium appears in foliar analysis in much higher quantities than in fungal fruiting bodies' biomass. Concerning this element, we have also found profound differences between the two species phylogenetic groups and lifestyle. Of all elements measured, we believe that the relative accumulation of K and Ca may be related to the close connection between fungi and the substrate on which they live and may also explain their physiological role as saprobes or parasites. When the lifestyle and the systematic position of the different species sampled were compared, differences also emerged in the content of Na and Ca.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrients and Trace Elements Content of Wood Decay Fungi Isolated from Oak (Quercus ilex)

Campos

2011

Biol Trace Elem Res

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“…Phenolics inhibit feeding by various fungi [5] and potential herbivores except specialized ones capable in detoxifying phenolics such as Cryptococcus fagisuga [2,6,7]). Dead wood insects rely on the fungi associated with wood so do not normally colonize beech unless they are able to avoid the phenolic rich tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenols in Leaves and Bark of Fagus sylvatica as Determinants of Insect Occurrences

Petrakis

Spanos

Feest

et al. 2011

IJMS

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Beech forests play an important role in temperate and north Mediterranean ecosystems in Greece since they occupy infertile montane soils. In the last glacial maximum, Fagus sylvatica (beech) was confined to Southern Europe where it was dominant and in the last thousand years has expanded its range to dominate central Europe. We sampled four different beech forest types. We found 298 insect species associated with beech trees and dead beech wood. While F. sylvatica and Quercus (oak) are confamilial, there are great differences in richness of the associated entomofauna. Insect species that inhabit beech forests are less than one fifth of those species living in oak dominated forests despite the fact that beech is the most abundant central and north European tree. There is a distinct paucity of monophagous species on beech trees and most insect species are shared between co-occurring deciduous tree species and beech. This lack of species is attributed to the vegetation history and secondary plant chemistry. Bark and leaf biophenols from beech indicate that differences in plant secondary metabolites may be responsible for the differences in the richness of entomofauna in communities dominated by beech and other deciduous trees.

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“…Furthermore, they affect the growth of mycorrhizal fungi (Lindeberg, 1985) and inhibit feeding by various fungi (Alfredsen et al, 2008) and potential herbivores (Dübeler et al, 1997;Petrakis et al, 2011). In their review, Wardle et al (1998) concluded that the effect of plants with allelopathic potential on other organisms may ultimately result not only in net change on the population level (e.g.…”

Section: Throughfallmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of dissolved and total organic matter in throughfall, stemflow and forest floor leachate of central European forests

et al. 2015

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Abstract. We present the first investigation of the composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) compared to total organic matter (TOM, consisting of DOM, < 0.45 µm and particulate organic matter 0.45 µm < POM < 500 µm) in throughfall, stemflow and forest floor leachate of common beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.) forests using solid-state 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. We hypothesized that the composition and properties of organic matter (OM) in forest ecosystem water samples differ between DOM and TOM and between the two tree species.The 13 C NMR results, derived from 21 samples, point to pronounced differences in the composition of DOM and TOM in throughfall solution at the beech sites, with TOM exhibiting higher relative intensities for the alkyl C region, which represents aliphatic C from less decomposed organic material compared to DOM. Furthermore, TOM shows lower intensities for lignin-derived and aromatic C of the aryl C region resulting in lower aromaticity indices and a diminished degree of humification. Across the ecosystem compartments, differences in the structural composition of DOM and TOM under beech lessened in the following order: throughfall > stemflow ≈ forest floor leachate.In contrast to the broadleaved sites, differences between DOM and TOM in throughfall solution under spruce were less pronounced and spectra were, overall, dominated by the alkyl C region, representing aliphatic C. Explanations of the reported results might be substantiated in differences in tree species-specific structural effects, leaching characteristics or differences in the microbial community of the tree species' phyllosphere and cortisphere. However, the fact that throughfall DOM under beech showed the highest intensities of recalcitrant aromatic and phenolic C among all samples analysed likely points to a high allelopathic potential of beech trees negatively affecting other organisms and hence ecosystem processes and functions.

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Antifungal effect of bark extracts from some European tree species

Cited by 38 publications

References 23 publications

Nutrients and Trace Elements Content of Wood Decay Fungi Isolated from Oak (Quercus ilex)

Nutrients and Trace Elements Content of Wood Decay Fungi Isolated from Oak (Quercus ilex)

Phenols in Leaves and Bark of Fagus sylvatica as Determinants of Insect Occurrences

Properties of dissolved and total organic matter in throughfall, stemflow and forest floor leachate of central European forests

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