Antifungal response of or-al-associated candidal reference strains (American Type Culture Collection) by supercritical fluid extract of nutmeg seeds for geriatric denture wearers: An in vitro screening study

Iyer, Meenakshi; Gujjari, Anil Kumar; Gowda, Vishakante; Angadi, Shridhar

doi:10.4103/jips.jips_10_17

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Such findings are in agreement with the results presented in this work, demonstrating the potential antifungal effect of the oil against several species of fungi. The antifungal action of Myristica fragrans essential oils has also been demonstrated against strains of Aspergillus niger, Fusarium axysporum, Pinicillium glabrum, Rhizopus oryzae and Mucor recemosus (28) as well as against Candida albicans (52). These results corroborate the present study, where antifungal activity against Rhodotorula mucilaginosa was also proven (Table 4).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Antifungal activity of essential oils from Cinnamomum cassia, Myristica fragrans and Syzygium aromaticum against Rhodotorula mucilaginosa

et al. 2020

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Rhodotorula genus comprises yeasts from Sporidiobolaceae family. Considered as non-pathogenic until the last two decades, different species of Rhodotorula are emerging as pathogens in humans, with R. mucilaginosa being the most commonly involved in infections, ranging from simpler clinical conditions such as skin manifestations to more severe cases such as meningitis and endocarditis. The major facilitating agents for the emergence of these infections are invasive procedures such as catheter implants. The primary drugs of choice used to treat these infections are amphotericin B and fluconazole. However, some strains of this yeast show different degrees of resistance to these substances, thus justifying the search for new therapeutic agents. Considering this, the present study aims the investigation of the antifungal activity of the essential oils of Cinnamomum cassia (cinnamon), Syzygium aromaticum (clove) and Myristica fragrans (nutmeg) against clinical isolates of R. mucilaginosa. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and characterized by GC-MS. The investigation of the antifungal action activity was performed by the agar disc-diffusion test followed by the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) determination. All the essential oils were species present their oil characterized by the presence of phenylpropanoids, with eugenol (77.6 to 94.4%) as the main compound of clove and E-cinnamaldehyde (90.4 to 100%) of cinnamon. Nutmeg oil is characterized by the presence of showed as main compounds the myristicin (1.8 a 12.8%) and elemicin (4.3 a 11.1%) phenylpropanoids, besides sabinene (28.2 to 44.4%) and terpinen-4-ol (16.0 to 19.5%) monoterpenes. In the investigation of antifungal activity, all the oils showed potential action against clinical isolates of R. mucilaginosa, with MICs ranging from 8 to 500 µg/mL. The results demonstrate that these oils are promising candidates in the search for new anti-Rhodotorula agents, enabling the treatment of aforementioned infections.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Antifungal activity of essential oils from Cinnamomum cassia, Myristica fragrans and Syzygium aromaticum against Rhodotorula mucilaginosa

et al. 2020

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“…Major constituent in essential oil of M. fragrans are myristicin, safrole, pinene, isoeugenol, 4terpenol as reported by Alcazar-Fuoli and Mellado [54]. Various studies have also reported the presence of neolignan and macelignan in M. fragrans extract [14,42]. The quantitative and qualitative divergence of plant constituents may be due to the geographical, climatic, and soil conditions, which in turn may affect the composition and/or synthesize new secondary metabolites from the same plant species [55].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The present study confirmed the presence of alkaloids, steroids, tannins and terpenoids in M. fragrans extract. However, Iyer et al reported the absence of terpenoids in their extracts [42]. This variation may be attributed to the plant sources, climatic conditions and the extraction methodology [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anti-melanogenic activity of Myristica fragrans extract against Aspergillus fumigatus using phenotypic based screening

Hoda

Vermani

Joshi

et al. 2020

BMC Complement Med Ther

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Background: Aspergillus fumigatus, an opportunistic fungal pathogen is associated with a wide array of diseases. It produces 1, 8-dihydroxy naphthalene (DHN) melanin that imparts greenish grey color to conidia and is an important virulence factor. It masks various molecular patterns associated with A. fumigatus and protects the fungus from host immune system. Myristica fragrans, enriched with secondary metabolites has been traditionally used for the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases. The present study was aimed to explore the antimelanogenic effect of M. fragrans extracts on A. fumigatus.Methods: M. fragrans extracts (hexane, chloroform, methanol and ethanol) were prepared through polarity guided extraction. Phytochemical analysis was performed to detect the chemical constituents of the extracts. The minimum effective concentration (MEC) of the extracts against A. fumigatus melanin was determined by broth micro-dilution assay. Various virulence factors were assayed by spectrophotometric methods. Electron microscopic studies were performed to evaluate the effect of the hexane extract of M. fragrans on A. fumigatus cell surface morphology. The major active compounds of the extract were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Docking was performed to study the interaction between the major identified compounds and the ketosynthase domain of polyketide synthase protein. Results:The results indicated that the hexane extract of M. fragrans inhibited melanin production (76.09%), reduced ergosterol content (83.63%) and hydrophobicity of the cell (72.2%) at the MEC of 0.078 mg/mL. Altered conidial surface, disappearance of protrusions and absence of melanin layer on outer cell surface was observed in electron microscopy. Forty-two compounds were identified by GC-MS. The main constituents were identified as sabinene (12.2%), linoleic acid (11.7%), hexadecanoic acid (10.5%), safrole (8.1%) and elemicin (7.8%). Docking studies revealed that hexadecanoic acid, its derivative compound cis-9-hexadecenal and isoeugenol have lower binding energy forming proper hydrogen bond with ketosynthase domain of polyketide synthase protein.(Continued on next page) Conclusion:The study concludes that the extract of M. fragrans has potential antifungal properties that can be explored in combination with available antifungals. This combination approach may be helpful for large number of patients suffering with A. fumigatus infections.

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“…This problem seems to be particularly important if we consider that a large number of denture wearers suffer from fungal infections in the oral cavity [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ] and that the presence of soft liners may promote Candida colonization [ 20 ]. It is also known that the use of medications in older people may have negative outcomes [ 32 ] and frequent use of antifungal drugs may lead to drug resistance of pathogenic microorganisms [ 33 ]. Thus, to avoid complications related to the growth of microorganisms, denture base materials as well as soft denture lining materials with increased resistance against pathogenic fungi are required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Silver-Emitting Filler on Antimicrobial and Mechanical Properties of Soft Denture Lining Material

et al. 2018

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Colonization of silicone-based soft lining materials by pathogenic yeast-type fungi is a common problem associated with the use of dentures. In this study, silver sodium hydrogen zirconium phosphate (SSHZP) was introduced into polydimethylsiloxane-based material as an antimicrobial filler at concentrations of 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14% (w/w). The in vitro antimicrobial efficacy was investigated. Candida albicans was used as a characteristic representative of pathogenic oral microflora. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were used as the typical Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains, respectively. The effect of filler addition on the Shore A hardness, tensile strength, tensile bond strength, sorption, and solubility was investigated. An increase in the filler concentration resulted in an increase in hardness, sorption, and solubility, and for the highest concentration, a decrease in bond strength. The favorable combination of antimicrobial efficacy with other properties was achieved at filler concentrations ranging from 2% to 10%. These composites exhibited mechanical properties similar to the material without the antimicrobial filler and enhanced in vitro antimicrobial efficiency.

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Antifungal response of or-al-associated candidal reference strains (American Type Culture Collection) by supercritical fluid extract of nutmeg seeds for geriatric denture wearers: An in vitro screening study

Cited by 13 publications

References 28 publications

Antifungal activity of essential oils from Cinnamomum cassia, Myristica fragrans and Syzygium aromaticum against Rhodotorula mucilaginosa

Antifungal activity of essential oils from Cinnamomum cassia, Myristica fragrans and Syzygium aromaticum against Rhodotorula mucilaginosa

Anti-melanogenic activity of Myristica fragrans extract against Aspergillus fumigatus using phenotypic based screening

Effect of Silver-Emitting Filler on Antimicrobial and Mechanical Properties of Soft Denture Lining Material

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