Antifungal Synergistic Effect of Scopoletin, a Hydroxycoumarin Isolated from Melia azedarach L. Fruits

Abstract

In the continuous search for antifungal compounds from plants, the hydroxycoumarin scopoletin (1) was isolated from seed kernels of Melia azedarach L. from which three other compounds, vanillin (2), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamaldehyde (3), and (+/-) pinoresinol (4), have also been isolated. Guided fractionation through autobiography on TLC using Fusarium verticillioides (Saccardo) Nirenberg as test organism led to the isolation of 1, which exhibited a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 1.50 mg/mL in the microbroth dilution method. Despite its own weak activity, when the coumarin was combined with the above-mentioned compounds, a strong enhancement of the antifungal effect was observed, even showing a complete inhibition in the growth of the pathogen when 1 was added at a concentration of up to 5% of its MIC value. The same level of effectiveness was observed when the synthetic antifungal agents Mancozeb and Carboxin were each combined with compounds 1-4, in which cases it became possible to decrease the effective concentrations of these commercial compounds by up to 2.5 and 3%, respectively.

Antibacterial efficacy of the seed extracts of Melia azedarach against some hospital isolated human pathogenic bacterial strains

“…Chemical constituents of the seeds including 毬-sitosterol, vanillin, benzoic acid, vanillic acid, daucosterol, 毩 -D-glucopyranose, limonoid glycoside viz 6,11-diacetoxy-7-oxo-14beta, 15beta-epoxymeliacin (1,5-diene-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside) and scopoletin, a hydroxyl coumaramin, melianol meliacin, meliacarpin, meliartenin vanillin, hydroxyl-3-methoxcinnamaldehyde and (+-) pinoresinol have been reported earlier from the seeds of M. azedarach [8,9].…”

“…Seeds of M. azedarach L. have been scientifically reported to exert antimalarial, antifungal [9,10] , ovicidal [11] , insecticidal [12] , antifeedant [13] , rodenticidal activities [14] in vitro and in vivo studies.…”

Utilização do extrato aquoso de cinamomo no controle da antracnose da videira

“…Para os experimentos de crescimento micelial, esporulação e geminação de conídios do fungo foram utilizadas as concentrações de 0, 10,20,30, 40 e 50 mL L -1 de extrato, além dos tratamentos padrões com calda bordalesa e mancozebe. Em condições de campo, um experimento foi conduzido em vinhedo comercial por dois ciclos consecutivos (2009/2010, 2010/2011) Additional keywords: chinaberry, agroecology, plant extracts, organic production.…”

Active antifungal substances from natural sources

“…138 Guided-fractionation using Fusarium verticillioides as test organisms led to the isolation of scopoletin, which had a IC 50 value of 1.5 mg/ml in the microbroth dilution method. The methanol extract of the aerial parts of the shrub Mutisia friesiana Cabrera (Asteraceae) afforded two new 5-methylcoumarins, mutisicoumarones C and D. 139 The compounds showed antifungal effect against the phytopathogenic fungus Cladosporium cucumerinum.…”