Antigenic variation of Foot and Mouth Disease Virus - An Overview

Longjam, Neeta; Tayo, T. O.

doi:10.5455/vetworld.2011.475-479

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…FMD virus belongs to the Aphthovirus genus of the family Picornaviridae, contains a single strand RNA genome (Longjam and Tayo, 2011). The FMD virus has seven major variable serotypes: A, O, C, Southern African Territories SAT-1, SAT-2, SAT-3 and Asia-1 (Sumption et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Foot and Mouth Disease Virus in Nineveh Province, Iraq

Salim¹,

Talb²,

Yousif³

et al. 2019

Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

| The objectives of the present research are to evaluate the prevalence of foot and mouth disease (FMD) in cattle employing competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA) and conventional reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR technique), to identify FMDV genotypes and to investigate some epidemiological risk factors related to the disease prevalence. A total of 460 saliva swabs and blood samples were collected from cattle of different ages and sexes in Nineveh province, Iraq. Epidemiological data were collected through interviews with the farmer s' employer. Viral RNA was extracted from saliva, and RT-PCR was conducted to identify the virus genotypes based on VP1 and VP3 genes amplification. The overall occurrence of FMD in Nineveh province based on c-ELISA test and RT-PCR was 46.95% and 40.43%, respectively. According to Kappa value (0.81), it has a mean that is of higher compatibility between c-ELISA test and RT-PCR for diagnosis of FMDV in cattle. The risk factors that are significantly associated with higher prevalence of FMD including: Feedlot calves >6 months -2 years old, females, pregnant animals, imported animals, indoor feeding, large herd size, beef purpose, non-vaccinated, in north-eastern parts of the province and in spring and winter months. Four genotypes of FMDV (A, O, Asia1 and SAT) were detected in Nineveh province at (12.39%, 6.95%, 17.39% and 3.69%) respectively. Genotype C was not detected in this research. In conclusion, our results reported the first time detection of four FMDV genotypes in Nineveh province and there are several risk factors linked to the disease occurrence, which require strict control measures. Citation | Salim SAS, Talb OQ, Yousif AS, Daher HS (2020). Prevalence and risk factors of foot and mouth disease virus in nineveh province, iraq. Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci. 8(1): 1-10.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Foot and Mouth Disease Virus in Nineveh Province, Iraq

Salim¹,

Talb²,

Yousif³

et al. 2019

Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It has seven different serotypes, namely, O, A, C, Asia 1, and Southern African Territories (SAT) 1, 2, and 3, with multiple subtypes within each serotype (2). FMD virus (FMDV) is a highly variable RNA virus (3)(4)(5), and in general, there is little or no cross-protection between serotypes and even between different strains of the same serotype (2,6,7). Serotype A is considered to be the most antigenically and genetically diverse of the FMDV serotypes, and new antigenic variants emerge frequently (8,9).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Test Methodologies for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Serotype A Vaccine Matching

Tekleghiorghis¹,

Weerdmeester²,

Hemert-Kluitenberg³

et al. 2014

Clin. Vaccine Immunol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Vaccination has been one of the most important interventions in disease prevention and control. The impact of vaccination largely depends on the quality and suitability of the chosen vaccine. To determine the suitability of a vaccine strain, antigenic matching is usually studied by in vitro analysis. In this study, we performed three in vitro test methods to determine which one gives the lowest variability and the highest discriminatory capacity. Binary ethylenimine inactivated vaccines, prepared from 10 different foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus serotype A strains, were used to vaccinate cattle (5 animals for each strain). The antibody titers in blood serum samples 3 weeks postvaccination (w.p.v.) were determined by a virus neutralization test, neutralization index test, and liquid-phase blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The titers were then used to calculate relationship coefficient (r 1 ) values. These r 1 values were compared to the genetic lineage using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. In the two neutralization test methods, the median titers observed against the test strains differed considerably, and the sera of the vaccinated animals did not always show the highest titers against their respective homologous virus strains. When the titers were corrected for test strain effect (scaling), the variability (standard error of the mean per vaccinated group) increased because the results were on a different scale, but the discriminatory capacity improved. An ROC analysis of the r 1 value calculated on both observed and scaled titers showed that only r 1 values of the liquid-phase blocking ELISA gave a consistent statistically significant result. Under the conditions of the present study, the liquid-phase blocking ELISA showed less variation and still had a higher discriminatory capacity than the other tests.

show abstract

“…The causative agent, foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), belongs to the Aphtovirus genus in the Picornaviridae family. There are seven serotypes of FMDV: A, O, C, Asia 1, and SAT1–3, and other various subtypes with indicative genetic variations ( 6 , 14 , 20 ). At present, FMD is endemic in different African and Asian countries, with serotype O having the highest prevalence, followed by serotype A ( 7 , 14 , 29 , 33 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meta-analysis of genetic diversity of the VP1 gene among the circulating O, A, and SAT2 serotypes and vaccine strains of FMD virus in Egypt

El‐Nahas

Salem²

2020

Journal of Veterinary Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionThree strains of the FMD virus (A, O, and SAT 2) were recognised as causes of the FMD circulating in Egypt. The aims of this study were to trace the FMDV isolates from outbreaks in Egypt to understand their epidemiology and evolution and to understand the situation of the vaccine strains compared with the circulating serotypes.Material and MethodsA meta-analysis was carried out by using the data available for FMD outbreaks in Egypt from GenBank and the World Reference Laboratory for Foot-and-Mouth Disease (WRLFMD); a comparison was done with both data sets for the three serotypes. MEGA-X was used for the evolution analysis, through constructions of phylogenetic trees for all sequences recorded in GenBank for each serotype in different Egyptian outbreaks in different years and also within the same year. Additionally, nucleotide substitution rate, molecular clock, and mean evolutionary rates were estimated for the three serotypes to understand and compare their evolution.ResultsAbsence of some records of certain serotype outbreaks from the WRLFMD database was noted as were subsequent missing appropriate vaccine programmes. Genetic variation was recorded among the virus isolates within the same years and also the vaccine strain was associated with up to 26 amino acid substitutions. The evolution rate of the SAT2 strain was the highest of the circulating strains. SAT2 had high amino acid substitution per year at an important immunogenic site (130–170), serotype A had less, and serotype O the least.ConclusionThe need for different strategies for vaccine serotype selection is indicated.

show abstract

Antigenic variation of Foot and Mouth Disease Virus - An Overview

Cited by 13 publications

References 2 publications

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Foot and Mouth Disease Virus in Nineveh Province, Iraq

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Foot and Mouth Disease Virus in Nineveh Province, Iraq

Comparison of Test Methodologies for Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Serotype A Vaccine Matching

Meta-analysis of genetic diversity of the VP1 gene among the circulating O, A, and SAT2 serotypes and vaccine strains of FMD virus in Egypt

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About