Antigenotoxic effect of mangiferin and changes in antioxidant enzyme levels of Swiss albino mice treated with cadmium chloride

Abstract

<jats:p> Cadmium is an environmental metal toxin implicated in human diseases. Mangiferin (MGN), a naturally occurring glucosylxanthone, is present in Mangifera indica. In this study, the protective role of MGN against cadmium chloride (CdCl<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>)-induced genotoxicity was studied in Swiss albino mice. Mice were administered with single intra-peritoneal (i.p.) optimal dose of MGN (2.5 mg/kg b.wt.) before treatment with various concentrations of CdCl<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> (7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 mg/kg b.wt.). The LD<jats:sub> 50(30)</jats:sub> was found to be 8.5 mg/kg b.wt. for DDW + CdCl<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> group, while it was increased to 9.77 mg/kg after MGN treatment resulting in increase in the LD<jats:sub>50(30)</jats:sub> value by 1.26 mg, with a dose reduction factor (DRF) of 1.14. Treatment of mice to various doses of CdCl<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> resulted in a dose-dependent increase in the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic (MnPCE) and normochromatic erythrocytes (MnNCE), with corresponding decrease in the polychromatic / normochromatic erythrocyte ratio (PCE/NCE ratio) at various post-treatment times. MGN (2.5 mg/kg b.wt.) pretreatment significantly (p &lt; .001) reduced the frequency of MnPCE, MnNCE and increased PCE/NCE ratio when compared with the DDW + CdCl<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> group at all post-treatment times indicating its antigenotoxic effect. Further, pretreatment of MGN declined the lipid peroxidation (LPx) content in liver, whereas significant increase was observed in hepatic Glutathione (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity. Our study revealed that MGN has potent antigenotoxic effect against CdCl<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>-induced toxicity in mice, which may be due to the scavenging of free radicals and increased antioxidant status. </jats:p>

Evaluation of Mango Byproduct Extracts as Antioxidant against Pb-acetate induced Oxidative Stress and Genotoxicity in Mice

“…Previous study indicated that mango peel extract protected cells from DNA damage induced by H 2 O 2 [Kim et al, 2010]. Similar result demonstrated that mangiferin pretreatment signifi cantly reduced the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects induced by CdCl 2 [Viswanadh et al, 2010]. In addition, mango stem bark extract (MSBE) and mangiferin showed cytoprotective effects against oxidative damage and mitochondrial toxicity induced by xenobiotics to human hepatic cells [Tolosa et al, 2013].…”

Chemical analysis, antioxidant, antichemotactic and monoamine oxidase inhibition effects of some pteridophytes from Brazil

“…[17] It also exhibits cardioprotective and antigenotoxic properties[18] among others. Some authors have previously reported the presence of xanthones as mangiferin and its analogue (isomangiferin) in Asplenium species such as Asplenium montanum [19] and Asplenium adiantum-nigrum .…”

Mangiferin activates Nrf2-antioxidant response element signaling without reducing the sensitivity to etoposide of human myeloid leukemia cells in vitro

“…Although mangiferin is a well-known antioxidant, the underlying signaling mechanisms are not fully understood. Nonetheless, it has been reported that mangiferin can enhance the expression of many detoxification and antioxidant enzymes, including NQO1, glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and uridine 5'-diphosphate-glucuronosyl transferase (UDP-GT) [23][24][25][26] . Nrf2-ARE signaling is a major mechanism in the cellular defense against oxidative or electrophilic stress and controls the gene and protein expression of several types of detoxification and antioxidant enzymes [4] .…”