Antigens Involved in Vaccination of Swine against Aujeszky's Disease (Pseudorabies) Virus

Abstract

The polypeptide and glycopolypeptide composition of a local virulent Aujeszky's disease virus (suid herpesvirus 1, SHV-1) strain (E-974) was determined in order to characterize the individual SHV-1 antigens inducing the serological responses in immunized and non-immunized animals. A commercially available inactivated vaccine of known efficacy and three experimental immunogen preparations (whole inactivated SHV-1 particles, lectin-purified glycoproteins from SHV-1 culture, and a combination of both) were used for immunization. Sera of two-month old immunized and nonimmunized animals were analyzed by ELISA, seroneutralization and Western immunoblotting prior to and following challenge with E-974. Sera of 7to 30-day-old piglets littered by immunized and non-immunized sows were likewise analyzed by immunoblotting. The following variables were determined: the total level of anti-SHV-1 antibodies, the level of neutralizing antibodies, the IgG responses to individual SHV-1 antigens, and the clinical parameters and degree of protection of the animals. The whole-particle experimental immunogen conferred greatest protection, but correlation between antibody levels and the degree of protection was imperfect. Serological responses seemed to be directed against certain structural polypeptides and viral envelope glycoproteins. The glycoprotein immunogen caused a selective response to bands which closely resemble the glycopolypeptides gII and gIII. A 71 kDa component of uncertain location within the viral structure appeared to be one of the main antigens involved in porcine serological response to SHV-1 and colostral protection of piglets.

L-Particle Production during Primary Replication of Pseudorabies Virus in the Nasal Mucosa of Swine

“…The E-974 strain is a high-virulence field strain of PRV which was isolated in northwestern Spain from the brain tissue of naturally infected pigs and adapted to cell culture. Information about the preparation, characterization, and use of this strain has been published previously (2,10,29,30,31). The titer of the virus suspension, determined on BHK-21 cells, was 10 6.5 50% tissue culture infective doses of PRV-E-974 per ml.…”

Efficacy of Various Non‐Oily Adjuvants in Immunization Against the Aujeszky's Disease (Pseudorabies) Virus

“…The herpesvirus glycoproteins mediate essential virus functions, are critical in its pathogenicity profile, and play an important role in the development of specific immune responses and protection (MARCHIOLI et al, 1987;WEINBERG et al, 1988;IGLESIAS et al, 1990;EIRAS et al, 1992). SHV-1 encodes at least six glycoproteins designated gI, gII, gIII, gp50, gp63 and gX that, with the exception of gX, are located in the virus envelope as well as the plasma membrane of infected cells (HAMPL et al, 1984;LUKACS et al, 1985;BEN-PORAT et al, 1986).…”

“…The protective efficacy of SHV-1 glycoprotein preparations seems to be greater, both in mice and pigs, when glycoproteins are purified from infected cell membranes than from mature virions (PUENTES et al, 1993). These glycoproteins might Apparent molecular weight in kDa are indicated act as antigens for new vaccines, but they tend to be poorly immugenic and to require adjuvants (ALLISON and GREGORIADIS, 1990;EIRAS et al, 1992;PUENTES et al, 1993).…”

“…All animals were challenged intranasally with 2 X 106TCID,, of E-974,30 days after vaccination. During the following ten days, fodder consumption, body temperature and general clinical aspect were recorded and protection index was calculated as described previously (EIRAS et al, 1992). Serum samples were collected immediately prior to vaccination, prior to challenge and ten days post-challenge.…”

“…Polypeptide-specific antibodies were determined in pig sera by western immunoblotting as described elsewhere (EIRAS et al, 1992). Briefly, AD virus strain E-974 polypeptides were separated by SDS-PAGE and electroblotted onto nitrocellulose membrane.…”