Antihypertensive Effect of Pre-germinated Brown Rice in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Abstract

We examined the effects of pre-germinated brown rice on hypertension and biochemical analysis of blood in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) fed a diet including 40% pre-germinated brown rice. A significant antihypertensive effect (p < 0.01) was found from day 10 of food intake, compared to controls. At completion of the test period (8 weeks), SBP in the control and test groups were 207.4 ± 5.3 and 151.6 ± 4.5 mmHg, respectively, showing a significant (p < 0.001) and strong antihypertensive effect of pregerminated brown rice. The cholesterol levels in the control and test groups were 45.3 ± 5.4 and 37.5 ± 3.9 mg/dL, respectively, which also showed a significant difference (p < 0.01). Taken together, pre-germinated brown rice has an antihypertensive effect and decreases serum cholesterol in SHRs. These effects may be due to complex actions of various components abundantly found in the rice, including γ-aminobutyric acid, dietary fiber, phytic acid and ferulic acid.

Antidiabetic Properties of Germinated Brown Rice: A Systematic Review

“…In addition, hypertension is a problem for many diabetics [95] and appropriate management of blood pressure has been shown to reduce cardiovascular complications in this disorder [96]. Therefore, antihypertensive effects of GBR [53], may provide additional protection from cardiovascular complications. These effects could have a profound impact on the overall burden of type 2 diabetes.…”

An Updated Review on Pharmaceutical Properties of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid

“…Indeed, the administration of Gaba-enriched rice grains brings about 20 mmHg decrease in blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats, while there was no significant hypotensive effect in normotensive rats [38]. Likewise, the significant anti-hypertensive activity and the serum cholesterol-lowering effect of Gaba-rich brown rice were shown in spontaneously hypertensive rats as compared to the control [39,40]. In the clinical trial, the effects of Gaba-enriched white rice on blood pressure in 39 mildly hypertensive adults has been examined in a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled study [41].…”

A bioaccessible fraction of parboiled germinated brown rice exhibits a higher anti-inflammatory activity than that of brown rice

“…3 Germination is a strategy to enhance the amounts of nutrients and bioactive compounds in order to improve the nutritional quality of cereals including brown rice, 4 barley, 5 wheat 6 and oat, 7 as well as enhancing texture and digestibility. Germinated brown rice also has been shown to be anti-hyperlipidemic in rats, 13,14 anti-hypertensive in spontaneously hypertensive rats, 15 anti-tumorigenic for small airway epi-thelial cell lines 16 and in rats with azoxymethane-induced colon cancer, 17 and anti-diabetic in healthy human subjects 18 and in free-living patients with impaired fasting glucose or type 2 diabetes. Germinated brown rice also has been shown to be anti-hyperlipidemic in rats, 13,14 anti-hypertensive in spontaneously hypertensive rats, 15 anti-tumorigenic for small airway epi-thelial cell lines 16 and in rats with azoxymethane-induced colon cancer, 17 and anti-diabetic in healthy human subjects 18 and in free-living patients with impaired fasting glucose or type 2 diabetes.…”