Antimalarial Activity of Kaempferol and Its Combination with Chloroquine in Plasmodium berghei Infection in Mice

Abstract

The search for new antimalarial drugs has become an urgent requirement due to resistance to the available drugs and the lack of an effective vaccine. In this respect, the present study aimed to evaluate the antimalarial activity of kaempferol against Plasmodium berghei infection in mice as an in vivo model. Chronic toxicity and antimalarial activities of kaempferol alone and in combination with chloroquine were investigated in P. berghei ANKA infected ICR mice using standard procedures. The results showed that chronic administration of 2,000 mg/kg of kaempferol resulted in no overt signs of toxicity as well as no hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, or hematotoxicity. Interestingly, kaempferol exerted significant (P < 0.05) chemosuppressive, chemoprophylactic, and curative activities in a dose-dependent manner. The highest antimalarial activity was found at a dose of 20 mg/kg which resulted in a significantly (P < 0.05) prolonged survival of infected mice. Moreover, combination treatment of chloroquine and kaempferol also presented significant (P < 0.05) antimalarial effects, although the effects were not significantly different from the chloroquine treated group. From the results of the present study, it can be concluded that kaempferol possesses acceptable antimalarial activities. However, further investigation should be undertaken on the mechanism responsible for the observed antimalarial activity.

Exploring the powerful phytoarsenal of white grape marc against bacteria and parasites causing significant diseases

“…There are significant differences between both extracts in the concentrations of some particular polyphenols, like rutin and kaempferol, being higher in the HO P , which is the more efficient one. For this reason, we could infer a potential action of these specific polyphenols which have already been described as antimalarial agent in different studies (Julianti et al 2014;Ganesh et al 2012;Silveira et al 2009;Somsak et al 2018).…”

“…Several studies demonstrate the activity of the different polyphenols purified as anti-bacterial (Arima et al2002;Borges et al 2013) and anti-parasitic (Slavic et al 2009;Budiman et al 2014;Chauhan et al 2018) agents. Recently, their potential as synergic agents and their interaction with drugs when used as anti-bacterial (Miklasińska et al 2016) and anti-parasitic (Somsak et al 2018) agents, as well as the increase of the activity of such polyphenols when they are used in a combined way, has been a topic of interest (Arima et al 2003a;Somsak et al 2018). All this together seems to indicate that natural extracts similar to the one studied in the present work, and obtained with the aim to conserve the synergistic activity of their specific polyphenolic content, are in fact an efficient and economically viable approximation for the treatment of bacterial-and parasitic-derived infectious diseases.…”

Kaempferol Addition Increases the Antimalarial Activity of Artesunate in Experimental Mice

“…This study focused on the combination of KMF and ART, with the aim of developing a new ACT. Using the chronic toxicity test, KMF in mice has been previously reported to be safe at the dose up to 2,000 mg/kg in mice [ 10 ]. Moreover, the susceptibility test in the suppressive model of KMF against PbANKA showed potent antimalarial activity in a dose-dependent manner.…”

“…KMF exerted a significant ( P < 0.05) dose-dependent antimalarial activity with similar inhibition as in ART-treated groups. It was due to the fact that antioxidant and anticancer activities of KMF might be responsible for its antimalarial activity [ 7 , 10 , 11 ]. For our finding, the present study reports for the first time ED 50 level of KMF in the antimalarial in vivo model.…”

A systematic review on COVID-19 pandemic with special emphasis on curative potentials of Nigeria based medicinal plants

“…2005 19. Diospyros mespiliformis Igidudu Lupeol Muhammad et al., 2017 20 Enantia chlorantia Osopa Awopa Dokitaigbo palmatine and jatrorrhizine, protoberberine alkaloids Vennerstrom and Klayman, 1988 22 Gossypium barbadense owu gossypol Razakantoanina et al., 2000 23 Gossypium hirsutum Ela-owu Kaempferol Somsak et al. 2018 24 Harungana madagascariensis Asunje, aroje Bazouanthrone, feruginin A, harunganin, harunganol-A, harunganol B, friedelan-3-one and betulinic acid Lenta et al., 2007 25.…”