Antimalarial and cytotoxic constituents of Xylaria cf. cubensis PK108

Abstract

Xylaria cf. cubensis PK108 was identified by its distinctive morphological characteristics and its internal transcribed spacers sequence analysis. The chromatographic separation and structural elucidation based on spectroscopic analysis of fungal crude extracts led to 10 compounds; tryptoquivaline L (1), fiscalin C (2), epi-fiscalin C (3), cytochalasin D (4), ergosterol (5), ergosterol peroxide (6), chevalone C (7), xylaranol B (8), helvolic acid (9) and cyclo-(L-Pro-L-Leu) (10). The bioassay screening showed that 4 displayed cytotoxicity against KB and NCI-H187 cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 3.25 and 5.95 μg mL(-1). 6 exhibited cytotoxicity against NCI-H187 with an IC50 value of 5.81 μg mL(-1). 7 and 9 showed antimalarial activity with IC50 values of 25.00 and 6.25 μg mL(-1), respectively. This result establishes Xylaria as broad spectrum bioactive compound producers.

PHYTOTOXIC CONSTITUENTS FROM ENDOPHYTIC FUNGUS Xylaria cubensis ASSOCIATED WITH Eugenia brasiliensis

“…In addition, the substances chevalone C and helvolic acid showed antimalarial activity. 9 The isolated cytochalasins D and C in this work presented a pronounced phytotoxic potential relative to the inhibition of wheat coleoptiles growth, regarded an important activity when it comes to combating weeds. The high yield of the cytochalasins produced by X. cubensis and its already described phytotoxicity motivated its study.…”

“…Chemical investigations of the X. cubensis revealed new natural products as sesquiterpenoids, diterpenoids, aliphatic derivative and isocoumarin. 8 Sawadsitang et al 9 reported that Xylaria cf. cubensis produced cytochalasin D, tryptoquivaline L, fiscalin C, epi-fiscalin C, ergosterol, ergosterol peroxide, chevalone C, xylaranol B and helvolic acid.…”

Genome-Inspired Chemical Exploration of Marine Fungus Aspergillus fumigatus MF071

“…Our research also showed the strong activities of helvolinic acid ( 18 ) and helvolic acid ( 19 ) against S. aureus (6.25 and 3.13 μg/mL, respectively) and E. coli (6.25 and 3.13 μg/mL, respectively). Previous studies revealed that helvolic acid ( 19 ) exhibited in vitro antimycobacterial activity against M. tuberculosis H37Ra [ 54 ], antitrypanosomal activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei [ 55 ], and antimalarial activity against multidrug resistant Plasmodium falciparum [ 56 ]. No cytotoxic activity against normal cell lines and broad biological activity indicated the potential of helvolic acid for drug development [ 56 ].…”

Secondary metabolites of Xylaria sp., an endophytic fungus from Taxus mairei

“…was fermented according to its cytotoxic activity. Xylaria have received attention due to their potential as a source of novel and bioactive secondary metabolites (Huang et al 2014;Rivera-Chávez et al 2015;Sawadsitang et al 2015).Isolation of the chemical constituents of this strain led to the discovery of one new and nine known compounds. This article illustrated the isolation, structure elucidation of the new compound and the bioactivities of these compounds.…”