Antimicrobial Activity of a New Class of Phosphorylated and Modified Flavonoids

Abstract

The surge of resistant food pathogens is a major threat worldwide. Previous research conducted on phytochemicals has shown their antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria. The design of antimicrobial agents to curb pathogenic disease remains a challenge demanding critical attention. Flavonoids such as apigenin and quercetin were evaluated against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The results indicated that the antibacterial activity of each flavonoid occurred at a different minimum inhibitory concentration. However, the antimicrobial activity results of the modified flavonoids were also reported, and it was observed that the Gram-positive bacteria were more susceptible in comparison to the Gram-negative bacteria. The cell wall structure of the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria could be the main reason for the bacteria susceptibility. Modified flavonoids could be used as a suitable alternative antimicrobial agent for the treatment of infectious diseases. Our results indicated 100% inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and Aeromonas hydrophila with modified flavonoids.

The Pharmacological Activity, Biochemical Properties, and Pharmacokinetics of the Major Natural Polyphenolic Flavonoid: Quercetin

“…[48] also reported its efficacy against Shigella flexeneri NCIM5265 and Lactobacillus casei var Shirota. Strikingly, Osonga et al [49] documented that quercetin derivatives (e.g., quercetin 4 ,5-diphosphate (QDP), quercetin 3 ,4 ,3,5,7-pentaphosphate (QPP), quercetin 5 -sulfonic acid (QSA)) resulted in highly biocompatible, soluble, and potent antibacterial activity with 100% inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Aeromonas hydrophila. Moreover, quercetin revealed the strongest antifungal activities against Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, and Aspergillus niger [50].…”

Radical Scavenging and Antimicrobial Properties of Polyphenol Rich Waste Wood Extracts

“…In addition, galangin exhibited selective anti-cytochrome and antifungal activity [25], and showed antimicrobial activity against S. aureus [25,32], and methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant S. aureus, Enterococcus spp., and P. aeruginosa [33]. Flavone apigenin showed strong activity against Gram-negative bacteria [34], while quercetin and apigenin derivatives showed strong antibacterial properties against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria [35]. Some phenolic acids (gallic, caffeic and ferulic acids) showed antibacterial activity against Gram-positive (S. aureus and Listeria monocytogenes) and Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli and P. aeruginosa) with a greater efficiency than conventional antibiotics such as gentamicin and streptomycin [36].…”

Systematic analysis of bacteriostatic mechanism of flavonoids using transcriptome and its therapeutic effect on vaginitis

“…For example, it has been reported that glabrol, a flavonoid from licorice, displayed high efficiency against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in both in vivo and in vitro models [6]. A new class of modified flavonoids namely apigenin and quercetin was found to completely inhibit the growth of Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Aeromonas hydrophila [7]. Some synthetic derivatives of flavonoids also displayed 20-to 80-fold more potent antimicrobial capacity than standard antibiotics against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative and Grampositive bacteria [8].…”