Antimicrobial activity of endodontic sealers and medications containing chitosan and silver nanoparticles against <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>

Loyola-Rodríguez, Juan Pablo; Méndez, Fernando Torres; Espinosa-Cristóbal, León Francisco; García-Cortés, José Obed; Loyola-Leyva, Alejandra; González, Francisco; Soto‐Barreras, Uriel; Nieto-Aguilar, Renato; Contreras-Palma, Guillermo

doi:10.1177/2280800019851771

Cited by 34 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…In addition, several recent reports demonstrated that chitosan-based scaffolds promoted the proliferation, migration, and odontoblastic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells both in vitro and in vivo [146,147,148,149] (Table 2). The use of chitosan as a vector for antimicrobials has also been tested with interesting outcomes [150].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Chitosan in Bone and Dental Engineering

et al. 2019

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Chitosan is a deacetylated polysaccharide from chitin, the natural biopolymer primarily found in shells of marine crustaceans and fungi cell walls. Upon deacetylation, the protonation of free amino groups of the d-glucosamine residues of chitosan turns it into a polycation, which can easily interact with DNA, proteins, lipids, or negatively charged synthetic polymers. This positive-charged characteristic of chitosan not only increases its solubility, biodegradability, and biocompatibility, but also directly contributes to the muco-adhesion, hemostasis, and antimicrobial properties of chitosan. Combined with its low-cost and economic nature, chitosan has been extensively studied and widely used in biopharmaceutical and biomedical applications for several decades. In this review, we summarize the current chitosan-based applications for bone and dental engineering. Combining chitosan-based scaffolds with other nature or synthetic polymers and biomaterials induces their mechanical properties and bioactivities, as well as promoting osteogenesis. Incorporating the bioactive molecules into these biocomposite scaffolds accelerates new bone regeneration and enhances neovascularization in vivo.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Chitosan in Bone and Dental Engineering

et al. 2019

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“…It is worth noting that chitosan combined with 2% chlorhexidine gel showed very good destructive effects against E. faecalis in root canals [54]. This mixture also works well as a root canal sealer [55].…”

Section: Chitosan Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 89%

Nanomaterials Application in Endodontics

et al. 2021

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In recent years, nanomaterials have become increasingly present in medicine, especially in dentistry. Their characteristics are proving to be very useful in clinical cases. Due to the intense research in the field of biomaterials and nanotechnology, the efficacy and possibilities of dental procedures have immensely expanded over the years. The nano size of materials allows them to exhibit properties not present in their larger-in-scale counterparts. The medical procedures in endodontics are time-consuming and mostly require several visits to be able to achieve the proper result. In this field of dentistry, there are still major issues about the removal of the mostly bacterial infection from the dental root canals. It has been confirmed that nanoparticles are much more efficient than traditional materials and appear to have superior properties when it comes to surface chemistry and bonding. Their unique antibacterial properties are also promising features in every medical procedure, especially in endodontics. High versatility of use of nanomaterials makes them a powerful tool in dental clinics, in a plethora of endodontic procedures, including pulp regeneration, drug delivery, root repair, disinfection, obturation and canal filling. This study focuses on summing up the current knowledge about the utility of nanomaterials in endodontics, their characteristics, advantages, disadvantages, and provides a number of reasons why research in this field should be continued.

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“…The use of nanomaterials-due to their small particle size-also potentially offers a large surface area/mass ratio and an increase in chemical reactivity when compared to its correspondent original material [41]. The addition of nanoparticles to endodontic cements has increased the antimicrobial activity inside dentinal tubules and the consistency of the materials [42,43]. Chlorhexidine is an example of a substance used in its nanoparticulated form in endodontic cements, offering broad-spectrum antimicrobial action, which makes it effective against Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, and fungi [29].…”

Section: Root Canal Filling Materials (Sealers)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Activity of Calcium Silicate-Based Dental Materials: A Literature Review

et al. 2021

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Endodontic biomaterials have significantly improved dental treatment techniques in several aspects now that they can be used for vital pulp treatments, as temporary intracanal medication, in definitive fillings, in apical surgeries, and for regenerative procedures. Calcium silicate-based cement is a class of dental material that is used in endodontics in direct contact with the dental structures, connective tissue, and bone. Because the material interacts with biological tissues and stimulates biomineralization processes, its properties are of major importance. The main challenge in endodontic treatments is the elimination of biofilms that are present in the root canal system anatomical complexities, as it remains even after chemical-mechanical preparation and disinfection procedures. Thus, an additional challenge for these biomaterials is to exert antimicrobial activity while maintaining their biological properties in parallel. This article reviews the literature for studies considering the antimicrobial properties of calcium silicate-based dental biomaterials used in endodontic practice. Considering the reviewed studies, it can be affirmed that the reduced antimicrobial effect exhibited by calcium silicate-based endodontic materials clearly emphasizes that all clinical procedures prior to their use must be carefully performed. Future studies for the evaluation of these materials, and especially newly proposed materials, under poly-microbial biofilms associated with endodontic diseases will be necessary.

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Antimicrobial activity of endodontic sealers and medications containing chitosan and silver nanoparticles against Enterococcus faecalis

Cited by 34 publications

References 52 publications

Application of Chitosan in Bone and Dental Engineering

Application of Chitosan in Bone and Dental Engineering

Nanomaterials Application in Endodontics

Antimicrobial Activity of Calcium Silicate-Based Dental Materials: A Literature Review

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