Antimicrobial activity of essential oils and chloroform alone and combinated with cetrimide againstEnterococcus faecalisbiofilm

Abstract

The Enterococcus faecalis bacteria have been identified as the most commonly recovered species from teeth with persistent endodontic infections. The antimicrobial activity of essential oils and chloroform (CHL), alone and in association with various concentrations of cetrimide (CTR), against biofilm of Enterococcus faecalis was investigated. Solutions of CHL, eucalyptus oil (EO) and orange oil (OO) associated with CTR at 0.3%, 0.2%, 0.1%, and 0.05% were used to determine antimicrobial activity by exposing treated bovine dentine blocks to E. faecalis. Biofilms grown in the dentine blocks for 7 days were exposed to solutions for 2 and 5 min. Biofilm reduction between OO and EO at 2 min did not show any significant differences; however, OO had a higher kill percentage of biofilms than did the eucalyptus oil at 5 min (p < 0.01). Combinations with CTR at all concentrations achieved a 100% kill rate at 2 and 5 min. The association of CTR with solvent agents achieved the maximum antimicrobial activity against E. faecalis biofilms in dentine.

Vaccinium myrtillus leaves and Frangula alnus bark derived extracts as potential antistaphylococcal agents.

“…Biological activity of many pytocompounds is based on cell membrane permeabilization. Such a process occuring in microorganisms leads to a loss of ions, leakage of macromolecules, reduction of membrane potential and fluidity, decrease in the ATP pool, and finally to osmotic lysis and microbial death (Alviano & Alviano, 2009;Bakkali et al, 2008;Cushnie & Lamb, 2005;2011;Martos et al, 2013;McMahon et al, 2007). Antimicrobial activity of phytocompounds may also derive from their pro-oxidative properties.…”

“…Among them, polyphenols (with the largest and the best known group of flavonoids) and essential oils are the most promising. Important advantages of most of the natural products include their wide-spectrum of activity and effectiveness irrespective of the drug susceptibility of target microorganisms, demonstrating at the same time an extremely low risk of giving rise to resistance mechanisms (Bakkali et al, 2008;Budzyńska et al, 2011;Chaieb et al, 2011;Cushnie & Lamb, 2005;2011;Fankam et al, 2011;Martos et al, 2013).…”

Secondary osteon structural heterogeneity between the cranial and caudal cortices of the proximal humerus in white-tailed deer

“…All remaining bone cubes (30 cranial and 37 caudal) were found to be fully remodeled (i.e. their entire transverse surface revealed Haversian systems with no evidence of primary plexiform bone) and they were stored in 1.5 ml Eppendorf tubes containing paper soaked in saline solution with 8% chloroform to prevent bacterial growth (Martos et al, 2013). Samples were kept frozen at −20°C until mechanical testing.…”

Antibacterial and Solubility Analysis of Experimental Phytotherapeutic Paste for Endodontic Treatment of Primary Teeth

“…However, literature is scarce regarding studies that evaluated antimicrobial activity of these isolated phytoconstituents against E. faecalis. Some authors [8,9,[22][23][24][25] The experimental root canal filling paste composed by combined phytoconstituents showed a better antibacterial effect than the one consisted of only terpineol. Previous studies have shown a synergism between terpineol and cinnamaldehyde when interacting with other essential oil components [27,29].…”