Antimicrobial Activity of <i>Cymbopogon Citratus</i> (Lemon Grass) and It’s Phytochemical Properties

Abstract

The cold macerat ion and agar diffusion technique were emp loyed to assess phytochemical propert ies and the antimicrobial potency of Cy mbopogon citratus (lemongrass) against selected microbial pathogens using hexane, chloroform and methanol as extracting solvents. The mean zones of inhibit ion of the chloroform leaf and corresponding root extracts for the test organisms were Staphylococus aureus (11.33±1.15,11.66±2.52), Salmonella typhi (11.33±1.53,13.66±0.58), Escherichia co li (16.33±0.58,15.66±2.31) and Candida albicans (7.66±0.58,8.66±1.53) respectively. Hexane and methanol extracts showed no activity against the test organisms. The min imu m inhib itory concentration (MIC) and the corresponding minimu m bactericidal concentration (MBC) for ch loroform leaf and root extracts were : Staphylococus aureus (24µg/ ml, 28µg/ ml), Salmonella typhi (20µg/ ml, 28µg/ ml), Escherichia coli (14µg/ ml, 16µg/ml), Candida albicans (32µg/ ml, 38µg/ ml) and Staphylococus aureus (20µg/ ml, 26µg/ ml), Salmonella typhi (18µg/ ml, 24µg/ ml), Escherichia coli (14µg/ ml, 16µg/ml), Candida albicans (28µg/ml, 32µg/ ml) respectively. Phytochemical screening on Cy mbopogon citratus showed that five active ingredients: Tannins, Flavonoids, Phenols, Carbohydrates and volatile oil were present in both the root and leaf parts. The mean zones of inhibit ion showed that Cymbopogon citratus exh ibited an intermediate antimicrobial activity against the bacteria species while C. albicans was resistant. Higher dose of C. citratus may be recommended to exert a remarkable antimicrobial act ivity against the test organisms.

Analytical Investigation of Cymbopogon citratus and Exploiting the Potential of Developed Silver Nanoparticle Against the Dominating Species of Pathogenic Bacteria

“…Bioactive compounds present in C. citratus extract were assessed both qualitatively and quantitatively (TPC: Total phenolic compound). The standard protocols were used for determination of compounds such as carbohydrate, Saponin, Steroid, Phenols, Tannin, Flavonoids, Glycosides, Terpenoids, and Alkaloids (Ewansiha et al, 2012). Total phenolic content of the plant extract was determined through Folin-Ciocalteu reagent (Alhakmani et al, 2013).…”

“…From the millennia they have been used as a potent medicinal treatment against various kinds of diseases and ailment. Plant resides wide range of bioactive components/secondary metabolites viz Phenols, Tannins, Saponin, Steriods, Alkaloids, Flavanoids, Carbohydrates and Glycosides which are responsible for antimicrobial activity (Nascimento et al, 2000; Ewansiha et al, 2012; Chaudhary et al, 2017; Elish et al, 2017) therefore the discovery of extraction of bioactive components from plants have proved to be one of the important research for human kind. Due to the negative impact of chemically designed antimicrobial drugs as compared to natural drugs on human health and environment; treatment with natural constituents has increased potentially these days (Wu et al, 2013).…”

Potential of Pterocarpus erinaceus Aqueous Stem Bark Extract to Prevent Oxidative Kidney Damage in Diabetic Rats

“…1:5) and stirred for few minutes, it was allowed to stand at room temperature for 48 hours with occasional agitation to increase penetration of solvent to the active compounds, after which the mixture was filter with muslin cloth (folded twice). The filtrates was then concentrated using water bath, dispensed in a glass bottle and stored in the refrigerator [9].…”

Improving Quality Properties of Frozen Yogurt by Fortification with Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) as Prebiotic

“…According to Singh et al (2011), phenolic compounds and tannins have been found to inhibit pathogenic microorganisms. Ewansiha et al (2012) mentioned that lemongrass showed antimicrobial activity against Staph. aureus, Salmonella typhi and E. coli.…”