Antimicrobial activity of pomegranate fruit constituents against drug-resistantMycobacterium tuberculosisandβ-lactamase producingKlebsiella pneumoniae

Abstract

Context: The global surge in multi-drug resistant bacteria and the imminence of tuberculosis pandemic necessitate alternative therapeutic approaches to augment the existing medications. Pomegranate, the fruit of Punica granatum Linn. (Punicaceae), widely recognized for potency against a broad spectrum of bacterial pathogens, deserves further investigation in this respect. Objective: This study determines the therapeutic potential of pomegranate juice, extracts of non-edible peel prepared with methanol/water, and its four polyphenolic constituents, namely caffeic acid, ellagic acid, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and quercetin, against drug-resistant clinical isolates. Materials and methods: Phenotypic characterisation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, extended-spectrum b-lactamase (ESBL) and KPC-type carbapenemase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae was performed by biochemical and molecular methods. Resistance profiles of M. tuberculosis and K. pneumoniae were determined using LJ proportion and Kirby-Bauer methods, respectively. Pomegranate fruit extracts, and the compounds, were evaluated at a dose range of 1024-0.5 mg/mL, and 512-0.25 mg/mL, respectively, to determine minimum inhibitory (MIC) and bactericidal concentrations (MBC) against the drug-resistant isolates by the broth microdilution method. Results: The peel extracts exhibited greater antimycobacterial activity (MIC 64-1024 mg/mL) than the potable juice (MIC 256 -41024 mg/mL). EGCG and quercetin exhibited higher antitubercular (MIC 32-256 mg/mL) and antibacterial (MIC 64-56 mg/mL) potencies than caffeic acid and ellagic acid (MIC 64-512 mg/mL). Discussion and conclusion: The pomegranate fruit peel and pure constituents were active against a broad panel of M. tuberculosis and b-lactamase producing K. pneumoniae isolates. EGCG and quercetin need further investigation for prospective application against respiratory infections.

Improved micropropagation of Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. (Plantaginaceae) and antimicrobial activity of in vitro and ex vitro raised plants against multidrug-resistant clinical isolates of urinary tract infecting (UTI) and respiratory tract infecting (RTI) bacteria

“…Only Hema et al [13] had described the antimicrobial property of B. monnieri against clinical isolates of human pathogenic strains, but these are not MDR strains. Antibacterial resistance has become one of the grave public health concerns, globally, over the last two decades [14,15]. Particularly, MDR is a major concern in present day medical science.…”

“…Although one report are available where clinical isolates of human pathogenic strains are tested, but these are not multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains [13]. Antibacterial resistance has become one of the grave public health concerns, globally, over the last two decades [14,15]. In modern years, there has been a rising interest in investigating and evolving new antimicrobial agents from various sources to combat microbial resistance [16].…”

Annona glabra Flavonoids Act As Antimicrobials by Binding to Pseudomonas aeruginosa Cell Walls

“…Another compound identified in SF32-33 is quercetin (3,3′,4′,5,7-pentahydroxyflavone). Reports have shown a potential use for this compound when combined with either epigallocatechin-3-gallate c, against drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Dey et al, 2015), or oxacillin, causing damage in the cell walls of multi-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (Amin et al, 2015). It is possible that all the compounds identified herein act synergistically, contributing to the antimicrobial effects of SF32-33.…”

Natural Remedies against Multi-Drug Resistant <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>

“…then these herbal leads may be converted into an alternative and novel solutions to combat MDR and XDR-TB in future. [96] honorary guidance and encouragement for carrying out research activities.…”