Bletilla formosana HAYATA (Orchidaceae) is a perennial herb with rhizomes, corms, or root-stem tuberoids. It is the only variable species of Bletilla in Taiwan. 1) The tubers of Bletilla striata REICHB. FIL. has attracted much attention during the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) prevalent period due to its use in treating pneumonophthisis and pneumonorrhagia in traditional Chinese medicine.2) To the best of our knowledge, there has been no phytochemical investigation on B. formosana. As part of our effort to search for bioactive components from local indigenous herbs, we describe herein the isolation of three new dihydrophenanthrenes, along with seven known phenanthrene derivatives, six known flavonoids, a bibenzyl and three phenolic compounds from the whole herb of B. formosana.
Results and DiscussionThe ethanolic extract of the whole herbs was successively partitioned with ethyl acetate and n-butanol. The ethyl acetate and n-butanol-soluble fractions were separatedly subjected to silica gel column chromatography. Fractions rich in polyphenolic compounds were combined and purified by Sephadex LH-20 column to give three new dihydrophenanthrenes, 4-methoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene-1,2,7-triol (1), 1-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-4,7-dimethoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene-2-ol (2), and 1,3,6-tri(4-hydroxylbenzyl)-4-methoxydihydrophenanthrene-2,7-diol (3), along with seven known phenanthrene derivatives, 1-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-4-methoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene-2,7-diol (4),3) 1,6-di(4-hydroxylbenzyl)-4-methoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene-2,7-diol (5), 4) 1,3-di(4-hydroxybenzyl)-4-methoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene-2,7-diol (6), 3,4) 1-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-4-methoxyphenanthrene-2,7-diol (7), 4) 1-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-4,8-di-methoxyphenanthrene-2,7-diol (8), 5) 1,8-bi(4-hydroxybenzyl)-4-methoxyphenanthrene-2,7-diol (9), 6) and blestriarene B (10), , 4-methoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene-1,2,7-triol (1), 1-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-4,7-dimethoxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene-2-ol (2), and 1,3,6-tri(4-hydroxybenzyl)-4-methoxydihydrophenanthrene-2,7-diol (3) together with seven known phenanthrene derivatives, six known flavonoids, a bibenzyl and three phenolic compounds were isolated from the whole plant of Bletilla formosana. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic, mainly 2D NMR spectrometry and chemical methods.