Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities in Different Parts and Cultivars of Broccoli

Lead, a heavy metal, has emerged as one of the most significant pollutants, bearing irreversible consequences on human and animal health in conjunction with industrial development. Presently, the use of medicinal plants to alleviate the adverse effects of heavy metal toxicity has captured the attention of researchers. Hence, the objective of this study was to assess the impact of levamisole and broccoli extract on the electrophoretic pattern of serum proteins, hematological parameters, and histopathological alterations in the liver, kidney, and spleen tissues within a lead poisoning model of rats. This experimental investigation spanned 28 days, involving 42 male Wistar rats categorized into seven groups: a control group, a lead acetate (AL) group administered at 1000 ppm in drinking water, a broccoli (B) group at 300 mg/kg/day, a levamisole (LE) group at 2.5 mg/kg/day, and combination groups of lead and broccoli (AL + B), lead and levamisole (AL + LE), and lead, broccoli, and levamisole (AL + LE + B). Upon completion of the study, hematological and biochemical parameters were assessed, and serum protein concentrations were analyzed using electrophoresis. Liver, kidney, and spleen tissues were fixed and subjected to histopathological examination with H&E staining. The findings indicated a significant decrease in white blood cells (WBC), red blood cells (RBC), and hemoglobin (Hb) levels in the AL group compared to other groups (p < 0.01). Conversely, the B group exhibited a notable increase in RBC and WBC compared to the AL group (p < 0.05). The most pronounced lead‐induced damage was observed in the liver, resulting in elevated levels of specific enzymes such as AST and ALT in the AL group, accompanied by a decline in albumin and total protein (p < 0.001). A reduction in globulin levels, including Beta‐2 globulin, was noted in the AL + B and AL + LE groups compared to the AL group (p < 0.001, p < 0.05). Histopathological findings also unveiled increased infiltration of inflammatory cells and hemorrhage in the liver tissue, followed by the spleen, significantly higher in the AL group compared to other experimental groups (p < 0.05). Additionally, congestion and inflammation were evident in the spleen tissue compared to other groups. These tissue damages were mitigated in other combination treatment groups. Based on the aforementioned results, the combination of broccoli and levamisole is deemed effective in ameliorating liver and spleen injuries caused by lead and enhancing biochemical parameters and serum proteins.

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Physicochemical and Sensory Characteristics of Domestic Winter Radishes (Raphonus sativus L.) According to Cultivars

Kim

Park

Baik

et al. 2021

JKFN

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This study was conducted to examine the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of winter radishes according to the cultivar variety (R1∼R3: Jeju island; R4: Jeollanam-do). The radishes were treated either in raw or blanched conditions. The general components and DPPH radical scavenging activity of the samples were measured, while volatile compounds and odor patterns were analyzed using an electronic nose. The textural properties of the samples were also measured by a texture analyzer. A total of 13 sensory attributes of the samples were profiled by seven trained descriptive panelists. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by assessing the DPPH radical scavenging activity, which was found to be highest in R1. Eighteen kinds of volatile compounds were identified, and methanethiol which represents the unique scent of radish, was the most common in all the samples. Texture analysis showed that R1 was the softest in both its raw and blanched states. The descriptive analysis showed no significant difference between raw samples, but significant variations existed in the crunchiness of the samples in the blanched state. The intensity of sensory properties increased with the molecular weight of the radish extracts. Overall, our results suggest that the quality characteristics of winter radishes vary across cultivars and this needs to be considered when processing or developing products using winter radishes.

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Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities in Different Parts and Cultivars of Broccoli

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

Comparative analysis of individual glucosinolates, phytochemicals, and antioxidant activities in broccoli breeding lines

Comparative analysis of individual glucosinolates, phytochemicals, and antioxidant activities in broccoli breeding lines

The Effectiveness of Levamisole and Broccoli in Lead Poisoning: Hematobiochemical Changes and Tissue Damage in the Liver, Kidney, and Spleen of Wistar Rats

Physicochemical and Sensory Characteristics of Domestic Winter Radishes (Raphonus sativus L.) According to Cultivars

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