Antimicrobial, Cytotoxicity and Phytochemical Screening of Jordanian Plants Used in Traditional Medicine

Abstract

Antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of fifty one extracts of different parts of 14 plants were studied. Ethanol, methanol, aqueous, butanol, and n-hexane extracts were tested against three Gram negative, two Gram positive bacteria, and two fungi. Cytotoxicity and phytochemical screening were determined using MTT and TLC assays, respectively. Of the fifty one extracts, twenty two showed activities against different microorganisms with MICs ranging from 62.5 to 1000 µg/mL. The highest activity (100% inhibition) was for a butanol extract of Rosa damascena receptacles against Salmonella typhimurium and Bacillus cereus (MIC of 62.5 and 250 µg/mL) respectively. Butanol extract of Narcissus tazetta aerial parts and aqueous extract of Rosa damascena receptacles were both active against Candida albicans (MIC of 125 µg/mL). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was inhibited by butanol, aqueous extracts of Rosa damascena receptacles and butanol extract of Inula viscosa flowers (MIC of 500, 500, and 250 µg/mL) respectively. Rosa damascena receptacles and Verbascum sinaiticum flowers ethanol extract showed lowest cytoxicity against Vero cell line (IC50 of 454.11and 367.11). Most toxic was the ethanol extract of Ononis hirta aerial parts (IC50 72.50 µg/mL). Flavonoids and terpenoids were present in all plants. Ononis hirta and Narcissus tazetta contained alkaloids. The results validate the use of these plants and report for the first time bioactivity of Rosa damascena receptacles and further justifies the use of such screening programs in the quest for new drugs.

Antibacterial activity of some African medicinal plants used traditionally against infectious diseases

“…It should be noted that MIC endpoint criteria are not consensual. In fact, some authors consider values of 250 µg/ mL as strong antibacterial activity (Aligiannis et al, 2001;Talib & Mahasneh, 2010), whereas others use a stricter endpoint criteria (Cos et al, 2006a(Cos et al, , 2006b, in which crude extracts with MIC values less than 100 µg/mL can be considered as active and are worthy for further studies. Taking into account the different criteria, extracts with a MIC value ≤125 µg/mL were considered to be active in this study.…”

Anticancer and Antimicrobial Potential of Plant-Derived Natural Products

“…When some Palestinian plants were tested for bioactivity, out of fifteen used in traditional medicine, only eight showed antibacterial activity against eight different bacterial strains (Essawi & Srour, 2000). Butanol extracts of Rosa damascene, Narcissus tazetta, and Inula viscose exhibited potent antimicrobial activities against different microorganism including Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans (Talib & Mahasneh, 2010b).…”

Extraction Conditions for Phenolic Compounds with Antioxidant Activities from White Rose Petals

“…contain a high level of phenolic compounds with a significant antioxidant capacity (VanderJagt et al, 2002). Many investigations have also revealed that roses contain a wide diversity of phenolic compounds such as gallic acid, kaempferol, rutin, myricetin, and quercetin that not only possess antioxidant activities but also exert anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, antiatopic, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antidepressant, and antistress effects (Jeon et al, 2009;Ulusoy et al, 2009;Talib and Mahasneh, 2010;Boskabady et al, 2011).…”