Antimicrobial effect of different herbal plant extracts against different microbial population

Abstract

This study evaluates the antimicrobial effects of ethanolic extract of five herbal plants; Guava (Psidium guajava ), Sage ( Salvia officinalis ), Rhamnus ( Ziziphusspina Christi ), Mulberry ( Morusalba L.), and Olive ( Oleaeuropaea L ) leaves against several microbial population representing Gram positive, Gram negative and Mollicutes; S. aureus, E. coli, Pasteurella multocida , B. cereus , Salmonella Enteritidis and M. gallisepticum using standard agar disc diffusion technique and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). Different extracts reveal variable results against the microorganism under study. All extracts have no antibacterial potency for Mycoplasma gallisepticum except Psidium guajava . The results of minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the extracts against the six bacteria ranged from 625 to 5000 μg/ml. The used herbal extract could inhibit the selected microorganism under study with variable minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC).

Valorisation of Olea europaea L. Olive Leaves through the Evaluation of Their Extracts: Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity

“…However, other studies have reported variable MIC and/or MBC values, which deviated from our results. In the case of E. coli , lower values of MIC and MBC (of 1.25 and 2.5 mg/mL, respectively) were achieved in a 70% ethanolic extract by solid–liquid extraction [ 69 ], while Pereira et al [ 70 ], using water as solvent, found that 1.81 mg/mL of their extract inhibited 25% of microbial growth. Masoko and Makgapeetja [ 71 ], despite finding the same MIC value (2.5 mg/mL) of water extract (solid–liquid extraction) for S. aureus as the MIC of the present study, in the case of ethanolic extracts, the opposite to our results with MAE-Et50, found a very low MIC value (0.26 mg/mL).…”

“…Masoko and Makgapeetja [ 71 ], despite finding the same MIC value (2.5 mg/mL) of water extract (solid–liquid extraction) for S. aureus as the MIC of the present study, in the case of ethanolic extracts, the opposite to our results with MAE-Et50, found a very low MIC value (0.26 mg/mL). Regarding Salmonella spp., Hemeg et al [ 69 ] tested the antimicrobial activity of olive leaf 70% ethanolic extract by solid–liquid extraction, finding MIC and MBC values of 2.5 and 5 mg/mL, respectively. Techathuvanan et al [ 67 ] found that a commercial olive extract had antimicrobial activity against L. monocytogenes , with a MIC value ranging from 2.2 to 2.6 mg/mL, similar to that observed by Testa et al [ 72 ].…”

“…Nevertheless, in the case of complex mixtures of bioactive compounds, it is very difficult to assign the antimicrobial activity to specific components [ 7 ]. In this sense, it is highly relevant to consider that the antimicrobial activity of extracts is not only due to their chemical composition and the mechanism of action of their bioactive constituents, but also the interaction (synergism, antagonism, chemical reactions) between them, and between these and other substances such as culture medium nutrients [ 69 , 86 ]. The interaction between phenolic compounds, and specifically the synergistic phenomenon, has been observed by several authors, leading to stronger antibacterial activities [ 70 , 87 ].…”

Prospecção científica e tecnológica da Tabebuia reseoalba (Ipê-branco)

“…Além do mais, os extratos de plantas medicinais apresentam diversas atividades farmacológicas, tais como: potencial antibacteriano, antifúngico, antitumoral, antidiabético, anti-inflamatório, dentre outros (Ferraz-filha et al, 2017;Prasathkumar et al, 2021). Diante disso, com essas diversas atividade potenciais o isolamento desses compostos bioativos eficazes e com toxicidade seletiva contra bactérias, a exemplo o S. aureus é recorrente e tem servido como uma alternativa real para os próximos anos (Alvarenga et al, 2016;Hemeg et al, 2020).…”

Antibacterial Effect of Different Herbal Extracts Against Listeria monocytogenes Strains Isolated from Foods

“…The changes in the structure and chemical composition of compounds found in herbs cause differences in antimicrobial effect of the herbs (Gyawali and Ibrahim, 2014). Antibacterial effects of phytochemicals, secondary metabolites of herbal extracts, and synergistic effects with other antibacterial agents have been reported (Hemeg et al, 2020). This situation led to a worldwide more investigation of herbal extracts as sources of antibacterial agents (Erfan and Marouf, 2019).…”