Antimicrobial Effect of Leaf Extracts of Pigeon Pea ( Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) on Some Human Pathogens

Ibe

2016

IJPPE

Abstract. Moringa olifera (drumstick tree) is a medicinal plant commonly used in phytomedicine to cure and prevent diseases in Nigeria. The ethanolic extract of the leave sample showed alkaloid {(9.66 ± 0.20) %}, phenols {(0.75 ± 0.22) %}, flavonoids {(6.86 ± 0.20) %}, saponines {(8.46 ± 0.10) %}, and tannins {(1.10 ± 0.20) %}. The plant also contains nutritional nutrients such as ash {(6.08 ± 0.02) %}, protein {(23.65 ± 0.12)%}, carbohydrates {(57.01 ± 0.01)%}, fats {(2.43 ± 0.01) %}, crude fibre {(6.02 ± 0.13)%}, moisture {(9.50 ± 0.10)%} and energy {(3276 ± 0.14)%}. Antibacterial studies showed that the plant leave successfully inhibited staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis and Klebisiella pneumonia. Acridine diglycoside was elucidated using Bruker NMR spectroscopy in combination with FT-IR NATRIC and HREIMS (m/z) mass spectral data. This result authenticates the use of the plant leave in the treatment of infections, tumors and as an anti-inflammatory agent

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

Isolation, Chemical Composition, Characterization and Anti-Bacterial Activity of Acridine Diglycoside from Moringa olifera

Ibe

2016

IJPPE

“…The determination of optimum hydric conditions and the search for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi capable of reducing or even stopping the development of the disease are necessary. These techniques have the advantage that they are not only accessible to all farmers but also pose no danger to man and the environment [26,27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Hydric Factor and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) on the Severity of Phytophthora colocasiae

Carnot¹,

Désiré²,

Caustel³

et al. 2017

PLANT

Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott is an important food for millions of people in countries of Africa, Asia andCentral America. The cultivation of taro suffers from an epidemic disease, the taro mildew, caused by P. colocasiae, which is a disease that manifests itself as oily and circular spots on tubers, stems, petioles and on taro leaves causing losses of more than 50% in less than ten days. This study was carried out to evaluate the impact of this pathogen on the leaf area parameter in two varieties of taro (Ibo coco and Atangana) at different water levels, then evaluate the incidence of the disease severity on the leaves at different water levels and study the behavior of this pathogen on plants previously inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) of the genus Gigaspora magarrita and Acaullospora tuberculata. The plants were separated into three batches (control batch not infected, batch infected with pathogen and batch not only infected but also inoculated with AMF at different water contents (500 ml, 370 ml, 250 ml and 125 ml), the batch infected with the pathogen alone showed a reduction in the growth parameters compared to the control, and the inoculated and infected batch also showed a reduction in growth parameters but closer to the control. In addition, the speed of propagation of the lesion in the inoculated batch is reduced compared to that of the uninoculated batch, and this speed also decreases with the water content, as a result of which the mildew of taro develops easily. Moreover, the addition of AMF makes it possible to minimize its propagation.

“…A palliative measure was therefore envisaged by the study of microorganisms with high inhibitory potential, isolated from the taro habitat in order to biologically control the action of the pathogen. These organisms offer the advantage of not only being available at low cost to farmers, which are nontoxic to the plant and the environment, but also to increase yield by directly removing the inoculum from the pathogen and/or by inducing Plant resistance [18,19]. This resistance currently represents a new strategy for the defense of plants against pathogen aggressions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Antagonistic Beneficial Microorganisms to Phytophtora colocasiae, Causal Agent of Taro Mildew (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott)

Carnot¹

2017

PLANT

Abstract:The cultivation of taro is of great economic and social importance on a global scale. The current orientation towards agricultural production and the serious consequences of the mildew of taro to crops prompts to find alternatives to chemical control. This study aims at selecting in the taro habitat (leaves, rhizosphere) the microorganisms with high antagonistic potential capable of ensuring the biological control of P. colocasiae. Fungus isolated from the taro-infected leaves of the cultivar "Macumba or Ibo coco" from the V8-Agar medium, was kept in pure culture. The different antagonists were obtained by two trapping techniques using P. colocasiae as bait for the associated microorganisms and by the decimal dilution technique. The results reveal fourteen antagonist isolates, including five fungi and two bacteria isolated from the leaves; Against 4 bacteria and 3 fungi at ground level. Identification of the latter identified the presence of Penicillium Sp, Trichoderma Sp, Aspergillus Sp, Pythium Sp., Bacillus Sp, Rhizobium, Streptomyces and seven other unidentified isolates (Ni). The different in vitro tests showed that Rhizobium and Ni4 showed the strongest inhibitions (91.66 and 90.69%). The greenhouse tests showed the high-inhibitory effect of Trichoderma Sp. and Rhizobium, which showed very low foliar alteration percentages (9.65 and 1.86%). These antagonists would be of particular benefit to farmers in the development of biological pesticides.