Antimicrobial peptide modification of biomaterials using supramolecular additives

Abstract

Biomaterials based on non‐active polymers functionalized with antimicrobial agents by covalent modification or mixing are currently regarded as high potential solutions to prevent biomaterial associated infections that are major causes of biomedical device failure. Herewith a strategy is proposed in which antimicrobial materials are prepared by simply mixing‐and‐matching of ureido‐pyrimidinone (UPy) based supramolecular polymers with antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) modified with the same UPy‐moiety. The N‐terminus of the AMPs was coupled in solution to an UPy‐carboxylic acid synthon resulting in formation of a new amidic bond. The UPy‐functionalization of the AMPs did not affect their secondary structure, as proved by circular dichroism spectroscopy. The antimicrobial activity of the UPy‐AMPs in solution was also retained. In addition, the incorporation of UPy‐AMPs into an UPy‐polymer was stable and the final material was biocompatible. The addition of 4 mol % of UPy‐AMPs in the UPy‐polymer material protected against colonization by Escherichia coli, and methicillin‐sensitive and ‐resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus. This modular approach enables a stable but dynamic incorporation of the antimicrobial agents, allowing at the same time for the possibility to change the nature of the polymer, as well as the use of AMPs with different activity spectra. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018, 56, 1926–1934

Biomechanical Behaviour and Biocompatibility of Ureidopyrimidinone-Polycarbonate Electrospun and Polypropylene Meshes in a Hernia Repair in Rabbits

“…In addition, it may lead to cracking of the microfibres, hence an increase in the surface area for the oxidative degradation induced by the host inflammatory response. Theoretically, to solve this drawback, one could modify the degradation process by using a slower degrading UPy elastomer and take advantage of its potential for bioactivation and, for example, adding factors to accelerate tissue ingrowth [23,35,36]. The degradation process is also modulated by the vigour and nature of the inflammatory response.…”

Combinatorial functionalization with bisurea‐peptides and antifouling bisurea additives of a supramolecular elastomeric biomaterial

“…Solution‐cast films on 14‐mm glass coverslips were secured in an adapted Transwell as described before and sterilized under UV for 15 min. Endothelial cells were seeded at a density of 40.000 cells cm −2 and smooth muscle cells at 25.000 cm −2 .…”

Antibacterial Layer-by-Layer Coatings for Medical Implants

“…In fact, it has been recently shown that antibiotic-resistant bacteria show a high frequency of collateral (increased) sensitivity to AMPs [ 110 ]. Antimicrobial peptides have been incorporated into biomaterials using different approaches such as through functionalization of thermoresponsive hydrogels [ 111 ], electrospinning [ 112 ], supramolecular interactions [ 113 ], and through the Layer-by-Layer assembly technique [ 114 ].…”