Antimicrobial resistance and related issues: An overview of Bangladesh situation

Abstract

The present study was designed to understand Bangladesh situation about antimicrobial resistance. Half of the Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas and Klebsiella showed resistance against older and common antimicrobials. Most (50%) common reasons to prescribe antimicrobial are fever, respiratory and urinary tract infection. About 70% prescriber mentioned diagnostic uncertainty and emergence of resistance as causes for increase in antimicrobial prescribing. 51.9% of prescribers opined that physicians prescribe antimicrobial more than the actual need. About two-third of 5 th year medical students answered correctly on different issues related to antimicrobials and resistance. Antimicrobial and resistance received little emphasis in Pharmacology and Microbiology written questions at both undergraduate (0.7 to 16.1%) and postgraduate (0.9 to 18.4%) level. Print (0.02% to 2.0%) and electronic media (0.0 to 0.6%) attaches small importance on the issues. Nothing related to 'antimicrobials' and 'measure to contain resistance' were mentioned in related policy documents. Article Info

Characterization and Antibiotic Sensitivity Profile of Bacteria Isolated from Patients with Respiratory Tract Infections in Bangladesh

“…This is supported by the fact that prescribers choose cephalosporin antibiotics to avoid patients' risk of failure to low spectrum antibiotic prescription in RTIs in Bangladesh. 10 The higher cephalosporin resistance (67%) in the present study were similar with the data of cephalosporin resistance among E. coli isolates in Pakistan (90%), India (83%) and Russia (77%). 16 100% sensitivity of E. coli isolates to carbapenem antibiotics observed in this study however, in India, 11% of 408 isolates were resistant against them.…”

“…9,10 Moreover, context and disease-specific surveillance data of antimicrobial sensitivity are limited in Bangladesh, 10 although this information has paramount importance to develop local and national antibiotic guidelines. RTIs specific antibiotic guidelines are very important in this context to reduce over and imprudent prescription of antibiotics by prescribers at all levels from primary to tertiary care.…”

Strength, efficacy and tolerability of morphine solution with and without added preservatives: A comparative study

“…Nevertheless, research findings are usually not translated into clinical practice in Bangladesh as revealed in different previously conducted studies (Khatun et al, 2008;Rahman and Huda, 2014;Afreen and Rahman, 2014). The present undergraduate and postgraduate medical education programs are not responsive or accommodative to newer research findings and approaches (Rahman, 1995;Begum et al, 1999;Rahman et al, 2000).…”

Antimicrobial Use, Prescribing, and Resistance in Selected Ten Selected Developing Countries: A Brief Overview

“…Print (0.02-2.0%) and electronic media (0.0-0.6%) attaches insignificant importance on the AMDR. Antimicrobials and strategy to fight against microbial resistance were not at all talked in the official papers of health and allied science [111]. Another study long before commented that pharmacology teaching and assessment system in 5 year MBBS program neither reflect community need or course objectives [112].…”