Antimicrobial Resistance in Developing Countries

Sosa, Aníbal; Byarugaba, Denis K.; Amábile-Cuevas, Carlos F.; Hsueh, Po-Ren; Kariuki, Samuel; Okeke, Iruka N.

doi:10.1007/978-0-387-89370-9

Cited by 102 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…The trouble behind antibiotic resistance is highly marked in undeveloped or developing countries, including Ethiopia, where infectious diseases are highly prevalent [64]. Factors responsible for an increase in rates of antimicrobial resistance include misuse/overuse of antibiotics by healthcare professionals and general public and inadequate surveillance systems due to lack of reliable microbiological techniques leading to the inappropriate prescription of antibiotics [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antimicrobial resistance in E. coli has increased worldwide and its susceptibility patterns show substantial variation in different geographical locations [5]. To date, the overall epidemiology and burden of multidrug resistance (MDR) bacteria have not been fully understood, especially in resource-limited countries including Ethiopia [64, 65]. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis study conducted to determine the pooled prevalence of E. coli prevalence and resistance in Ethiopia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Developing countries have comparatively higher risk factors associated with MDR strains than the developed ones [64, 66]. Resistance to antibacterial agents is a normal evolutionary process for microorganisms, but it is highly aggravated by continuous deployment of antimicrobial drugs in treating infections [67, 68].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is claimed that more than half of drugs are prescribed, sold, or dispensed without following standard protocols, and the situation is more pronounced in developing countries including Ethiopia [69]. Sosa et al (2010) reported that antibiotic usage in most of the low-income countries is generally unregulated, which is a prime factor for the occurrence of resistant bacterial strains [64]. This implies that antibiotics are being used widely and inappropriately in resource-limited countries including Ethiopia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Drug Resistance Patterns ofEscherichia coliin Ethiopia: A Meta-Analysis

Tuem

Gebre

Atey

et al. 2018

BioMed Research International

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Background Antimicrobial drug resistance is a global threat for treatment of infectious diseases and costs life and money and threatens health delivery system's effectiveness. The resistance of E. coli to frequently utilized antimicrobial drugs is becoming a major challenge in Ethiopia. However, there is no inclusive countrywide study. Therefore, this study intended to assess the prevalence of E. coli resistance and antimicrobial-specific resistance pattern among E. coli clinical isolates in Ethiopia. Methods Articles were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, and grey literature from 2007 to 2017. The main outcome measures were overall E. coli and drug-specific resistance patterns. A random-effects model was used to determine pooled prevalence with 95% confidence interval (CI), using DerSimonian and Laird method. In addition, subgroup analysis was conducted to improve the outcome. The study bias was assessed by Begg's funnel plot. This study was registered in PROSPERO as follows: PROSPERO 2017: CRD42017070106. Results Of 164 articles retrieved, 35 articles were included. A total of 19,235 study samples participated in the studies and 2,635 E. coli strains were isolated. Overall, E. coli antibacterial resistance was 45.38% (95% confidence interval (CI): 33.50 to 57.27). The resistance pattern ranges from 62.55% in Addis Ababa to 27.51% in Tigray region. The highest resistance of E. coli reported was to ampicillin (83.81%) and amoxicillin (75.79%), whereas only 13.55% of E. coli isolates showed resistance to nitrofurantoin. Conclusion E. coli antimicrobial resistance remains high with disparities observed among regions. The bacterium was found to be highly resistant to aminopenicillins. The finding implies the need for effective prevention strategies for the E. coli drug resistance and calls for multifaceted approaches with full involvement of all stakeholders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Drug Resistance Patterns ofEscherichia coliin Ethiopia: A Meta-Analysis

Tuem

Gebre

Atey

et al. 2018

BioMed Research International

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“…This had contributed to less effective bactericidal action of antibiotics and resulted to resistant patterns observed in some pathogenic microorganisms [7]. The overall reports on the emergence of antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus species had underscored the action of new antibiotics products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of antistaphylococcal activity of ethanolic extract of Lenzites quercina (L) P. Karsten against clinical Staphylococcus species

2016

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Background: Bioactive compounds in wild medicinal mushrooms are known to contain potent antimicrobial property. Hence, there is need to assess the antimicrobial properties of these wild mushrooms in order to adequately utilize the bioactive compounds for the production of new antimicrobials and to curb the menace of antibiotic resistance. In this study, the phytochemical property and antistaphylococcal activity of a wild medicinal macrofungus, Lenzites quercina was assessed. Methods: Staphylococcus species were isolated from clinical samples from two well patronized hospitals in Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria. The isolates were identified based on standard microbiological methods. The sensitivity pattern of the Staphylococcus species against some antibiotics was assessed. The inhibitory potential of ethanolic extract of Lenzites quercina on the growth of the clinical Staphylococcal strains was carried out using agar well diffusion method.

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