Antimicrobial resistance of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> isolated from skin infections and its implications in various clinical conditions in Korea

Baek, Yoo Sang; Jeon, Jiehyun; Ahn, Jae Woo; Song, Hae Jun

doi:10.1111/ijd.13046

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Of note, the overuse of erythromycin, which is often prescribed for impetigo therapy in China [ 27 ], may be the primary reason why the high level of resistance happened. Moreover, besides erythromycin, resistance to all the other tested macrolide antibiotics among MSSA isolates was significantly lower than that of MRSA isolates (Table 1 ), which was similar with early report [ 28 ]. These results also demonstrated that S. aureus co-holding macrolide resistance and virulence determinants in the hospitals would be prevalence.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Dissemination of macrolides, fusidic acid and mupirocin resistance among Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates

et al. 2017

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As an increasingly common cause of skin infections worldwide, the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) across China has not been well documented. This literature aims to study the resistance profile to commonly used antibiotics, including macrolides, fusidic acid (FA) and mupirocin, and its relationship to the genetic typing in 34 S. aureus strains, including 6 methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), isolated from a Chinese hospital. The MIC results showed 27 (79.4%), 1 (2.9%) and 6 (17.6%) isolates were resistant to macrolides, FA and mupirocin, respectively. Among 27 macrolide-resistant S. aureus isolates, 5 (18.5%) were also resistant to mupirocin and 1 (3.7%) to FA. A total of 13 available resistant genes were analyzed in 28 antibiotic-resistant strains using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The positive rates of macrolide-resistant ermA, ermB, ermC, erm33 and low level mupirocin-resistant ileS mutations were 11.1%, 25.9%, 51.9%, 7.4% and 100%, respectively. Other determinants for FA- and high level mupirocin-resistance were not found. The results of multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) revealed 13 sequence types (STs) and 18 clusters in 23 resistant gene positive S. aureus isolates. Among these STs, ST5 was most prevalent, accounting for 18.2%. Notably, various clusters were found with similar resistance phenotype and genotype, exhibiting a weak genetic relatedness and high genetic heterogeneities. In conclusion, macrolides, especially erythromycin, are not appropriate to treat skin infections caused by S. aureus, and more effective measures are required to reduce the dissemination of macrolides, FA and mupirocin resistance of the pathogen.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Dissemination of macrolides, fusidic acid and mupirocin resistance among Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates

et al. 2017

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“…MRSA isolates possess an MGE called staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec, which carries methicillin resistance gene (ie, mecA ) and several other genes conferring resistance to non-beta-lactam antibiotics and is in charge of MDR in MRSA isolates 32. This phenomenon results in the diminished efficacy of most antimicrobial agents in the eradication of MRSA infections and can complicate the selection of proper therapeutic regimens for them 33,34…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic and genotypic determinants of mupirocin resistance among <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> isolates recovered from clinical samples of children: an Iranian hospital-based study

Mahmoudi

Mamishi

Mohammadi

et al. 2019

IDR

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BackgroundsThe aim of this study was to evaluate both phenotypic and genotypic determinants of mupirocin resistance among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) strains recovered from different clinical samples of children who were admitted to the Children’s Medical Center (CMC) Hospital, Tehran, Iran.Materials and methodsA total of 120 clinical isolates of S. aureus were collected from the microbiology laboratory of CMC Hospital. Antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates to different antimicrobial agents was determined by disk diffusion method. The methicillin resistance phenotype (MRSA) was identified using a 30 µg cefoxitin disk. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of mupirocin was determined by broth microdilution method. Strains with mupirocin MIC between 8 and 256 µg/mL were considered as low-level mupirocin resistant (LLMR), and strains with an MIC≥512 µg/mL were considered as high-level mupirocin resistant (HLMR). The presence of genes encoding HLMR (ie, mupA and mupB genes) was evaluated by PCR method.ResultsFour out of 120 isolates (3%) had mupirocin MIC≥512 µg/mL and were HLMR; however, no LLMR isolate was detected. Fifty-two isolates (43%) were MRSA, and there were no differences in the distribution of mupirocin resistance among MRSA and MSSA isolates (P>0.05). The PCR method identified mupA gene in two out of four HLMR isolates, and mupB gene was not detected in any HLMR isolates.ConclusionBecause of discrepancies between the phenotypic and genotypic patterns of mupirocin resistance and due to the avoidance of false-negative results, it is better to determine the mupirocin resistance by both antibiotic susceptibility tests and PCR method. Considering the increasing need of mupirocin for the control of S. aureus infections, continuous checking of its susceptibility status is necessary.

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“…The following 19 antimicrobials were tested: clindamycin; ciprofloxacin; erythromycin; fusidic acid; nitrofurantoin; gentamicin; habekacin; linezolid; mupirocin; oxacillin; penicillin; quinupristin/dalfopristin; rifampicin; trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP‐SMX); telithryomycin; tetracycline; tigecycline; teicoplanin; and vancomycin. Resistance to oxacillin was considered equivalent to resistance to methicillin. Quality control was performed by testing a standard S. aureus strain (ATCC29213).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been considered a pathogen of great concern because of the burden of serious disease associated with infection. In addition to relatively mild skin and soft‐tissue infections, MRSA can cause life‐threatening pneumonia and sepsis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to relatively mild skin and soft‐tissue infections, MRSA can cause life‐threatening pneumonia and sepsis. The prevalence of MRSA differs considerably among regions and countries. Especially in the Asian countries, including Korea, a relatively high (>50%) rate of methicillin resistance has been reported among isolated S. aureus .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection control and nasal MRSA carriage rate among dental health-care professionals

Yoo

Kwak

Jeong

et al. 2018

International Dental Journal

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Antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from skin infections and its implications in various clinical conditions in Korea

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

Dissemination of macrolides, fusidic acid and mupirocin resistance among Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates

Dissemination of macrolides, fusidic acid and mupirocin resistance among Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates

Phenotypic and genotypic determinants of mupirocin resistance among <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> isolates recovered from clinical samples of children: an Iranian hospital-based study

Knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection control and nasal MRSA carriage rate among dental health-care professionals

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