Antimicrobial resistance patterns of commensal Escherichia coli isolated from feces of non-diarrheic dogs in Grenada, West Indies

Abstract

Background and Aim: There is currently no published information on the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of commensal Escherichia coli in dogs of Grenada origin. Monitoring antimicrobial resistance helps in the empirical selection of antibiotics. This study determined the occurrence of E. coli including the O157:H7 serotype in feces of non-diarrheic dogs of Grenada origin and the antibiotic resistance pattern of the E. coli isolates. Materials and Methods: Fecal samples from 142 of the 144 (98.6%) dogs were culture positive for E. coli. Selection of up to three colonies from each of the 142 E. coli-positive samples yielded a total of 402 E. coli isolates, which were analyzed for the presence of non-sorbitol fermenting colonies, and O157-agglutination. Results: Of the 402 E. coli isolates, 30 (7.5%) were non-sorbitol fermenters. However, none of the 402 isolates gave a positive reaction (O157:H7) to the E. coli O157:H7 latex kit. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests against 12 antibiotics revealed low resistance rates to all the tested antibiotics except for tetracycline (Te) (23.4%), cephalothin (CF) (13.2%), and ampicillin (AM) (7.7%). Thirty-nine out of the 402 (9.7%), E. coli isolates were resistant to two or more antibiotics of different classes. Conclusion: This is the first report of isolation and antimicrobial susceptibilities of commensal E. coli from non-diarrheic dogs in Grenada. Some of the isolates (39/402 isolates, 9.7%) were resistant to multiple antibiotics. This study showed that presently, dogs in Grenada should not be considered a reservoir for the E. coli O157:H7 serotype and for multiple antibiotic-resistant E. coli strains. Among the 402 E. coli isolates, the resistance rate to drugs other than Te, CF, and AM was very low.

Antimicrobial Resistance Profile and Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Resistance Genes in Escherichia coli from Poultry Droppings in Nasarawa, Nigeria

“…The observed 100% prevalence of E. coli from all the samples of the poultry droppings is similar to the 100% and 98% reported by [26] and [27] respectively. A study by [28] and [29] both reported lower isolation rates of 53.4% and 57% respectively.…”

“…Factors such as environmental conditions, geographical locations, and mixed infection of samples with other microbes have been suggested to affect prevalence of bacteria including E. coli [30] and this could be the causes of the differences in prevalence. *MAR isolates are those with resistance to at least two antibiotics [24] From this study, E. coli isolates were more resistant to streptomycin, sulphamethoxazole /trimethoprim, and ampicillin, which is similar to studies by [27], [31], and [32], but less resistant to imipenem, cefotaxime and ceftazidime. This finding is similar to a study by [33].The observed resistance of the E. coli from this study to commonly used antibiotics is not extraordinary as many studies worldwide have reported it [34,35] .…”

High Prevalence and Diversity of Cephalosporin-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Including Extraintestinal Pathogenic E. coli CC648 Lineage in Rural and Urban Dogs in Northwest Spain

“…E. coli is a common member of the intestinal microbiota of humans and other mammals, including dogs. However, E. coli can also act as a pathogen causing a wide range of infections from enteric to extraintestinal diseases, which defines the two main pathogenic categories: diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC) and extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) [ 3 , 4 ]. ExPEC include a heterogeneous group defined by isolation from locations outside the intestinal tract with no set of genes able to unequivocally distinguish them from commensal E. coli : avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC), neonatal meningitis E. coli (NMEC), and uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) [ 3 , 5 ].…”

Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) Disrupts Intestinal Barrier Integrity in Translational Canine Stem Cell-Derived Monolayers

“…Although the pathogenicity of EHEC in dogs are relatively mild (3), acute colitis due to EHEC infection, including hemorrhagic diarrhea and HUS similar to humans, has been demonstrated in experimentally infected dogs or critically ill dogs (4, 5). Because of this similarity, there is a growing interest in using dogs as in vivo models for human EHEC infections and as sources of cells and tissues for in vitro models.…”