Antimicrobial sensitivity patterns of Staphylococcus species isolated from mobile phones and implications in the health sector

Shiluli, Clement; Achok, Caroly; Nyaswa, Philip; Ogwai, Susan; Aroko, Arthur; Obila, James; Koigi, George; Ridhwana, Mustafa; Okwayo, Bildad; Wanjiru, Dorcas; Lukeba, Linda; Ryckaert, Eline; Durme, Arne Van; Walschaerts, Verena; Preter, Vicky De

doi:10.1186/s13104-020-05413-7

Cited by 19 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“… 21–23 Besides, factors like urban residency 24 and white ethnicity were associated with increased CD4 count. 25 Whereas old age, lower CD4 count at baseline, 26 severe clinical-stage, tuberculosis (TB) coinfection, 27 poor nutritional status, pregnancy, stress, smoking status, and drug use have been investigated as predictors of low CD4 count. 28–30 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of Current CD4+ T-Cell Count Among Women of Reproductive Age on Antiretroviral Therapy in Public Hospitals, Southwest Ethiopia

Belay

Manaye

Kebede

et al. 2021

HIV

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Background HIV/AIDS is one of the major global public health problems. CD4 is a glycoprotein found on the surface of different immune cells. CD4 cell counts determine the need for screening and prophylactic interventions against common opportunistic infections in those with advanced HIV disease. Thus, this study aimed to assess the predictors of current CD4 + T-cell count among women of reproductive age on antiretroviral therapy in public hospitals, southwest Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to April 2018. A total of 422 participants in the three public hospitals were selected using a systematic random sampling method. Linear regression analyses were used to determine the important predictors of current CD4 + T-cell count at p-values of <0.05. Results A total of 422 women with a median age of 37.00 years participated in this study. More than one in ten (12.8%) respondents experienced immunological failure. An increased current CD4 + T-cell count was observed among patients with a tertiary level of education [ β = 56.45, 95% CI (3.5, 109.4)], baseline WHO clinical stage II [ β = 44.06, 95% CI (5.3, 82.9)], initial regimen of AZT+3TC+EFV [ β = 167.23, 95% CI (100.4, 234.1)], with increased baseline CD4 + T-cell count [ β = 0.35, 95% CI (0.2, 0.5)], and with increased time duration on ART [ β = 14.36, 95% CI (6.304, 22.4)]. On the other hand, the current CD4 + T-cell count was lowered among patients with poor baseline adherence, opportunistic infection, and viral load of ≥1000 by 181.06 cells/mm 3 , 101.62 cells/mm 3 , and 137.53 cells/mm 3 compared to good baseline adherence, no opportunistic infection and undetectable viral load, respectively. Conclusion The immunological failure was relatively low. Maintaining adherence, early identification and treatment of opportunistic infections, and minimizing viral load to undetectable levels may further decrease immunological failure.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of Current CD4+ T-Cell Count Among Women of Reproductive Age on Antiretroviral Therapy in Public Hospitals, Southwest Ethiopia

Belay

Manaye

Kebede

et al. 2021

HIV

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“…Thus, they may be categorized in a single pathovar. However, a considerable distinction is still maintained regarding the clinical significance of Shigella species [ 1 , 73 ]. EIEC and Shigella are unable to ferment lactose, are non-motile, and lysine decarboxylase negative.…”

Section: Enteroinvasive Escherichia Coli (Eiec)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EIEC differs from other pathovars of E. coli because it is an obligate intracellular pathogen with neither adherence nor flagella factors [ 71 ]. Shigella comprise four species, including S. sonnei , S. flexneri , S. boydii and S. dysenteriae , which are responsible for varying degrees of diarrhea and acute intestinal and extra-intestinal diseases in humans [ 73 , 75 , 76 ]. EIEC strains primarily elicit watery diarrhea and cause invasive inflammatory colitis [ 77 ].…”

Section: Enteroinvasive Escherichia Coli (Eiec)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Virulence Factors of Enteric Pathogenic Escherichia coli: A Review

Pakbin

Brück²,

Rossen

2021

IJMS

153

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Escherichia coli are remarkably versatile microorganisms and important members of the normal intestinal microbiota of humans and animals. This harmless commensal organism can acquire a mixture of comprehensive mobile genetic elements that contain genes encoding virulence factors, becoming an emerging human pathogen capable of causing a broad spectrum of intestinal and extraintestinal diseases. Nine definite enteric E. coli pathotypes have been well characterized, causing diseases ranging from various gastrointestinal disorders to urinary tract infections. These pathotypes employ many virulence factors and effectors subverting the functions of host cells to mediate their virulence and pathogenesis. This review summarizes new developments in our understanding of diverse virulence factors associated with encoding genes used by different pathotypes of enteric pathogenic E. coli to cause intestinal and extraintestinal diseases in humans.

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“…A different approach is ZI, where a desired mutation can be induced by injecting the CRISPR/Cas components into a pronucleus or the cytoplasm of a zygote. More recently, successful use of electroporation to manipulate porcine and bovine zygotes has been reported [ 113 , 114 , 115 ]. Zygote injection or electroporation require less technical effort compared to SCNT and may induce mutations at a high rate.…”

Section: Genetic Manipulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Toolbox in Experimental Embryology—Alternative Model Organisms for Studying Preimplantation Development

Springer

Wolf

Simmet

2021

JDB

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Preimplantation development is well conserved across mammalian species, but major differences in developmental kinetics, regulation of early lineage differentiation and implantation require studies in different model organisms, especially to better understand human development. Large domestic species, such as cattle and pig, resemble human development in many different aspects, i.e., the timing of zygotic genome activation, mechanisms of early lineage differentiations and the period until blastocyst formation. In this article, we give an overview of different assisted reproductive technologies, which are well established in cattle and pig and make them easily accessible to study early embryonic development. We outline the available technologies to create genetically modified models and to modulate lineage differentiation as well as recent methodological developments in genome sequencing and imaging, which form an immense toolbox for research. Finally, we compare the most recent findings in regulation of the first lineage differentiations across species and show how alternative models enhance our understanding of preimplantation development.

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Antimicrobial sensitivity patterns of Staphylococcus species isolated from mobile phones and implications in the health sector

Cited by 19 publications

References 13 publications

Predictors of Current CD4+ T-Cell Count Among Women of Reproductive Age on Antiretroviral Therapy in Public Hospitals, Southwest Ethiopia

Predictors of Current CD4+ T-Cell Count Among Women of Reproductive Age on Antiretroviral Therapy in Public Hospitals, Southwest Ethiopia

Virulence Factors of Enteric Pathogenic Escherichia coli: A Review

A New Toolbox in Experimental Embryology—Alternative Model Organisms for Studying Preimplantation Development

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