Antimicrobial steroidal saponin and oleanane-type triterpenoid saponins from Paullinia pinnata

Abstract

BackgroundPaullinia pinnata L. (Sapindaceae) is an African woody vine, which is widely used in traditional medicine for the treatment of human malaria, erectile dysfunction and bacterial infections. A phytochemical investigation of its methanol leaf and stem extracts led to the isolation of seven compounds which were evaluated for their antimicrobial properties.MethodsThe extracts were fractionated and compounds were isolated by chromatographic methods. Their structures were elucidated from their spectroscopic data in conjunction with those reported in literature. The antimicrobial activities of the crude extracts, fractions and compounds were evaluated against bacteria, yeasts and dermatophytes using the broth micro-dilution technique.ResultsSeven compounds: 2-O-methyl-L-chiro-inositol (1), β-sitosterol (2), friedelin (3), 3β-(β-D-Glucopyranosyloxy) stigmast-5-ene (4), (3β)-3-O-(2′-Acetamido-2′-deoxy-β-D-glucopyranosyl) oleanolic acid (5), (3β,16α-hydroxy)-3-O-(2′-Acetamido-2′-deoxy-β-D-glucopyranosyl) echinocystic acid (6) and (3β)-3-O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1″-3′)-2′-acetamido-2′-deoxy-β-D-galactopyranosyl]oleanolic acid (7) were isolated. Compounds 5 and 7 showed the best antibacterial and anti-yeast activities respectively (MIC value range of 0.78-6.25 and 1.56-6.25 μg/ml), while 6 exhibited the best anti-dermatophytic activity (MIC value range of 6.25-25 μg/ml).ConclusionThe results of the present findings could be considered interesting, taking into account the global disease burden of these susceptible microorganisms, in conjunction with the search for alternative and complementary medicines.

A Hydroalcoholic Extract from Paullinia pinnata L. Roots Exerts Anthelmintic Activity against Free-Living and Parasitic Nematodes

“…Additionally, the leaves were found to contain a cardiotonic tannin [22], ceramides and cerebrosides [23], several triterpenoids, l-quebrachitol, a trioxaphenanthrenone [20], and two unusual flavone glycosides [24]. Oleanane-type triterpenoid saponins with antibacterial and antifungal properties have been isolated from the stem [25,26].…”

Antibacterial Activities of Anredera Cordifolia (Ten.) V. Steenis Leaves Extracts and Fractions

“…All samples contained steroid/triterpenoid. Some research showed that flavonoid, saponin, alkaloid, and steroid/triterpenoid had antibacterial activity [19][20][21][22][23].…”

Pharmacological Assessment, Green synthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles of Sonneratia apetala Buch.-Ham. Leaves

“…Moreover, these phytochemicals are responsible for the stabilization of AgNPs. Several earlier reports correlated the plant phytochemicals with their bioactive attributes and reported the antibacterial and free radical scavenging activities of the phytochemical constituents (Ali et al, 2002;Dahija et al, 2014;Medini et al, 2014;Mohammed et al, 2014;Lunga et al, 2014). The quantity of phytochemical components may vary with the plant part, leaf and stem (Patra et al, 2011).…”