Antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis clinical isolates from children with acute otitis media in Japan from 2014 to 2017

Nagai, Koichi; Kimura, Osamu; Domon, Hisanori; Maekawa, Tomoki; Yonezawa, Daisuke; Terao, Yutaka

doi:10.1016/j.jiac.2018.08.018

Cited by 26 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Generally, H. in uenzae strains are highly susceptible to third-generation cephalosporins. The nonsusceptibility rate of H. in uenzae to third-generation cephalosporins was under 2% in the present study, which was much lower than that in Iran (33.1%) [21] and Japan (49.4%) [22], but similar to the rate of genital strains in china in 2015(5.5%), a reason for the differences might be explained by the different sites of infection. Typically, H. in uenzae is sensitive to carbapenem; however, carbapenem-nonsusceptible H. in uenzae has been reported previously [23].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

The prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Haemophilus influenzae in prepubertal girls with vulvovaginitis

Zhou

Sun

Chen³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: To determine the prevalence of Haemophilus influenzae vulvovaginitis in prepubertal girls and the antimicrobial resistance of H.influenzae strains isolated from vulval specimens.Methods: Isolates of H.influenzae from vulval swabs of prepubertal girls with vulvovaginitis received at The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine during 2016-2019 were studied. Vulval specimens were inoculated on Haemophilus selective chocolate agar. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed using the disk diffusion method. A cefinase disk was used to detect β-lactamase. Results: A total of 4142 vulval specimens were received during the 4 years, 649 isolates of H. influenzae were isolated from 642 girls aged 6 months to 13 years, with a median of 5y. There were peaks of isolates from April to July seen in the vulval isolates. In total, the ampicillin resistance rate was 39.1% (250/640); 33.2% strains (211/636) were for β-lactamase-positive isolates, 6.6% strains (42/635) were β-lactamase-negative and ampicillin-resistant (BLNAR) isolates. The resistance rates of H. influenzae isolates to amoxycillin-clavulanic acid, ampicillin-sulbactam, cefuroxime, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, meropenem, levofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, azithromycin, and chloramphenicol were 26.4%, 21.8%, 24.8%, 1.7%, 1.0%, 0.2%, 0%, 47.7%, 10.2%, and 1.1%, respectively. MDR was present in 41 (6.4%) of the 642 H. influenzae isolates, with the most prevalent MDR phenotype of ampicillin-sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim-azithromycin resistance. Conclusions: H. influenzae is a common cause of vulvovaginitis in prepubertal girls. Laboratories should ensure that they include media appropriate for the isolation of H. influenzae. It’s worth noting of ampicillin resistance of H. influenzae in clinical management.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

The prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Haemophilus influenzae in prepubertal girls with vulvovaginitis

Zhou

Sun

Chen³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Macrolide‐resistant S. pneumoniae NU4471 (azithromycin MIC ≥ 1 mg/mL) was isolated from patients with respiratory tract infections . Macrolide‐and fluoroquinolone‐resistant S. pneumoniae KM279 (azithromycin and levofloxacin MICs of >8 and >8 μg/mL, respectively) and multidrug‐resistant S. pneumoniae KM256 (penicillin G, ceftriaxone, azithromycin, and levofloxacin MICs of >8, 8, 4, and >8 μg/mL, respectively) were isolated from children with acute otitis media . These clinical pneumococcal isolates and antibiotic‐susceptible S. pneumoniae D39 were grown in tryptic soy broth (Becton Dickinson) for 12 hr .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some species of gram‐positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus , Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes , consistently demonstrate the ability to produce invasive and potentially life‐threatening infections . In recent decades, infectious diseases caused by methicillin‐resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and antibiotic‐resistant S. pneumoniae have become major health concerns worldwide . S. aureus colonizes the anterior nares of 20%–80% of the human population and nasal carriage of S. aureus is a risk factor for endogenous infection .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17 In recent decades, infectious diseases caused by methicillinresistant S. aureus (MRSA) and antibiotic-resistant S. pneumoniae have become major health concerns worldwide. 18,19 S. aureus colonizes the anterior nares of 20%-80% of the human population and nasal carriage of S. aureus is a risk factor for endogenous infection. 20 Therefore, a component of the strategy to prevent infectious disease caused by S. aureus is decolonization of nasal S. aureus using antibacterial agents such as nasal ointments.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Antibacterial activity of hinokitiol against both antibiotic‐resistant and ‐susceptible pathogenic bacteria that predominate in the oral cavity and upper airways

Domon

Hiyoshi

Maekawa

et al. 2019

Microbiology and Immunology

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Hinokitiol, a component of the essential oil isolated from Cupressaceae, possesses antibacterial and antifungal activities and has been used in oral care products. In this study, the antibacterial activities of hinokitiol toward various oral, nasal and nasopharyngeal pathogenic bacteria, including Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, methicillin‐resistant and ‐susceptible Staphylococcus aureus, antibiotic‐resistant and ‐susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Streptococcus pyogenes were examined. Growth of all these bacterial strains was significantly inhibited by hinokitiol, minimal inhibitory concentrations of hinokitiol against S. mutans, S. sobrinus, P. gingivalis, P. intermedia, A. actinomycetemcomitans, F. nucleatum, methicillin‐resistant S. aureus, methicillin‐susceptible S. aureus, antibiotic‐resistant S. pneumoniae isolates, antibiotic‐susceptible S. pneumoniae, and S. pyogenes being 0.3, 1.0, 1.0, 30, 0.5, 50, 50, 30, 0.3–1.0, 0.5, and 0.3 μg/mL, respectively. Additionally, with the exception of P. gingivalis, hinokitiol exerted bactericidal effects against all bacterial strains 1 hr after exposure. Hinokitiol did not display any significant cytotoxicity toward the human gingival epithelial cell line Ca9‐22, pharyngeal epithelial cell line Detroit 562, human umbilical vein endothelial cells, or human gingival fibroblasts, with the exception of treatment with 500 μg/mL hinokitiol, which decreased numbers of viable Ca9‐22 cells and gingival fibroblasts by 13% and 12%, respectively. These results suggest that hinokitiol exhibits antibacterial activity against a broad spectrum of pathogenic bacteria and has low cytotoxicity towards human epithelial cells.

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“…Current pneumococcal vaccines target the capsular polysaccharide of Spn, but these vaccines only provide serotype-specific protection against less than one third of circulating serotypes [5]. Spn infections can also be controlled with antibiotics, but widespread antibiotic use has led to accelerated antibiotic resistance in Spn [6]. These challenges have led to the need for novel therapeutics and a better understanding of Spn interactions with the host.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative killing of encapsulated and nonencapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae by lactoperoxidase-generated hypothiocyanite

Gingerich¹,

Doja²,

Thomason³

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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Streptococcus pneumoniae (Pneumococcus) infections affect millions of people worldwide, cause serious mortality and represent a major economic burden. Despite recent successes due to pneumococcal vaccination and antibiotic use, Pneumococcus remains a significant medical problem. Airway epithelial cells, the primary responders to pneumococcal infection, orchestrate an extracellular antimicrobial system consisting of lactoperoxidase (LPO), thiocyanate anion and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2). LPO oxidizes thiocyanate using H 2 O 2 into the final product hypothiocyanite that has antimicrobial effects against a wide range of microorganisms. However, hypothiocyanite's effect on Pneumococcus has never been studied. Our aim was to determine whether hypothiocyanite can kill S. pneumoniae. Bactericidal activity was measured in a cell-free in vitro system by determining the number of surviving pneumococci via colony forming units on agar plates, while bacteriostatic activity was assessed by measuring optical density of bacteria in liquid cultures. Our results indicate that hypothiocyanite generated by LPO exerted robust killing of both encapsulated and nonencapsulated pneumococcal strains. Killing of S. pneumoniae by a commercially available hypothiocyanite-generating product was even more pronounced than that achieved with laboratory reagents. Catalase, an H 2 O 2 scavenger, inhibited killing of pneumococcal by hypothiocyanite under all circumstances. Furthermore, the presence of the bacterial capsule or lytA-dependent autolysis had no effect on hypothiocyanite-mediated killing of pneumococci. On the contrary, a pneumococcal mutant deficient in pyruvate oxidase (main bacterial H 2 O 2 source) had enhanced susceptibility to hypothiocyanite compared to its wild-type strain. Overall, results shown here indicate that numerous pneumococcal strains are susceptible to LPO-generated hypothiocyanite.

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Antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis clinical isolates from children with acute otitis media in Japan from 2014 to 2017

Cited by 26 publications

References 6 publications

The prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Haemophilus influenzae in prepubertal girls with vulvovaginitis

The prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Haemophilus influenzae in prepubertal girls with vulvovaginitis

Antibacterial activity of hinokitiol against both antibiotic‐resistant and ‐susceptible pathogenic bacteria that predominate in the oral cavity and upper airways

Oxidative killing of encapsulated and nonencapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae by lactoperoxidase-generated hypothiocyanite

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